Planting rules for cucumbers in 2019
To get a good harvest, planting cucumbers in 2019 must comply with all the rules. When choosing a date, you need to take into account the weather conditions and suitable days according to the lunar calendar. By following the recommendations, you can achieve impressive results.
Planting rules for cucumbers in 2019
Landing dates
The quality of cucumbers, the amount of vitamins and trace elements in them directly depend on the sowing work, so you need to sow by choosing a suitable day according to the lunar calendar or relying on the weather in your region.
An important role is played by the choice of the variety (each species has its own characteristics when sowing seeds for growing seedlings and planting in open ground).
Cucumbers are usually planted from mid-May to mid-June, the air temperature should not be lower than 18 ° C (the soil is already warming up enough). The timing may vary depending on the region in which the cucumbers will be grown.
If you plan to land in a greenhouse, you can do this from mid-April. The seed is planted on seedlings 30 days before the moment when it is supposed to move into open ground.
Lunar calendar
The night star affects all the processes that take place on the planet. The growth and development of absolutely all cultures depend on the activity of a certain phase of the moon. In gardening, it is customary to use the lunar calendar, in it you can see which day will be favorable for sowing or harvesting crops.
All crops that grow in the ground (potatoes, Jerusalem artichoke, beets, carrots) should be planted on the waning moon. Vegetables, whose development occurs on the surface, on the contrary, during the growing moon. A bad period for any manipulation in the garden is the full moon.
It will take from 22 to 28 days to form seedlings (depending on the variety). You need to sow it in March (for planting in greenhouses) or in April (for a vegetable garden).
Seeds are sent to the ground according to suitable days according to the lunar calendar:
- April. Auspicious days: 6-9, 11-13, 20-26, 29-30. It is still cold this month, which does not allow transferring seedlings to open ground, even according to the lunar calendar;
- May 2019. Transfer to greenhouses: 3-10, 20-22, 28, 31. According to the lunar calendar, the month will be the most suitable for planting cucumbers;
- in June (5, 6, 13, 15 days) late cucumber varieties can be planted in the ground.
In 2019, sowing cucumbers should not be done on April 5, 19, May 5, 19 and June 3, 4, 17. Planting seedlings on these unfavorable days is strictly prohibited if you do not want to waste your energy.
Depending on the region
Cucumbers are thermophilic vegetables, they love the sun, moderate humidity, so the choice of the region is very important.
The southern regions (Kursk, Lipetsk, Krasnodar regions) are ideal for cucumber crops, especially early maturing: Zozulya F1, Bjorn F1. Winter is warm and mild here, so the beginning of March is the time to sow, and at the end of the month or at the beginning of April, the seedlings are sent to greenhouses.
The harvest from these places is distributed for sale throughout the country in June.
In the middle lane (Moscow, Bryansk, Oryol and Nizhny Novgorod regions), the time starting from March 10 is suitable for sowing seeds for seedlings. In the second half of April, the culture is planted in open ground. In July, you can harvest. This month, the main varieties of cucumbers bear fruit: German F1, Courage F1, Murashka.
The Urals are the least suitable for plants because of the climate. Here the summer is much shorter, and the cucumbers do not have time to ripen. For sowing, they choose May (the middle of the month, taking into account the temperature), and disembarkation takes place in June (in the second half). The cucumber season falls in August.
Planting dates depend on the weather conditions in the regions.
Suitable varieties for this region (they ripen only in late July-early August): Siberian garland, Mercury, Giant.
Wherever cucumbers are grown, seed preparation should be taken seriously. Purchased ones are already treated with special preparations and are ready for use. They can be wrapped in a damp cloth for half a day to swell and then used.
If the seeds are homemade, it is better to choose those that are 2-3 years old (one-year-old full seeds are easy to confuse with dummies), they remain viable for up to 8 years. They are poured with warm water for 2-3 hours, and then wrapped in a damp dense cloth for 3 days, during which time the seeds will hatch.
Landing technology
To grow quality cucumbers, certain planting steps must be followed:
- prepare the soil: 2 parts of peat and one each of humus and rotted sawdust;
- we distribute it in containers or special peat pots, which can then be planted in greenhouses directly with the plant (this is convenient, since the root system of the culture is not very developed, it is easy to damage it when transplanting);
- the soil must be moist. The depth of the seed pit is 2-2.5 cm;
- create a greenhouse effect - the containers are covered with foil and the air temperature is brought to 20-24 ° C until shoots appear;
- then the sprouts are opened, the temperature is lowered to 18 ° C, if necessary, moderate watering is carried out. If it is too hot, the bush will stretch out, take on an irregular shape and begin to hurt;
- 2 weeks after germination, when 2 fully formed leaves are formed, the first feeding is carried out. Superphosphate or "Master" is ideal from purchased preparations. Organic fertilizing: manure solution (proportion 1: 6), herbal infusion, chicken manure diluted with water in a ratio of 1:18;
- on sunny days, it is better to remove the sprouts in the shade, avoiding direct rays on the cucumbers, but if there is not enough natural light in the room, it is worth using special phytolamps (10-12 hours a day).
Landing time in open ground
Seedlings are placed in the ground in May (10-18 numbers) in order to harvest a rich harvest in July. These dates are suitable for mid-season varieties. Suitable days for planting late varieties of cucumbers in 2019: late May-early June. We must not forget about the weather. With night frosts, plants are covered with agrofibre or burlap in the evening, and the film is removed in the morning.
Taking into account the weather, the lunar calendar and the climate in the region, the gardener must choose the optimal day for transplanting the plant to the garden.
Favorable days for planting seedlings in open ground:
- in March - 7, 11-12, 17-18, 21 and 24;
- in May - 8-9, 14-18.
Unfavorable will be 5-8, 9, 14-16 and 19 March, 10-12, 19-20 May.
Transplant features
The basic rules that gardeners adhere to when transplanting cucumbers:
- the air temperature outside should not be lower than 18 ° C, otherwise thin and weak roots will rot or dry out;
- the planting site must be fertilized - add organic matter or minerals to it;
- prophylaxis against insects and harmful microbes should be carried out - use a solution of potassium permanganate or sprinkle the ground with ground chalk at the rate of 100 g of substance per 1 m (Motor-S and Onyx products are also considered effective);
- the culture can be grown both horizontally and vertically (tied to trellises), so you need to choose it based on the size of the garden bed;
- an open-air place is chosen sunny, located away from fruit trees and large bushes;
- seedlings are planted in a hole that corresponds in size to the root (you cannot make it too narrow so as not to damage it);
- the distance between the bushes should be from 30 to 40 cm, and between the rows - up to 50 cm;
- periodically thin out the leaves on the bushes to give more light access to the ovaries and fruits - if the method is vertical, try to grow the central stem, removing shoots 4-8 cm long (extra ovaries too), while they need to be cut off or pinched off, but not torn off;
- spend at least 2 top dressing: during flowering and fruit formation;
- prevention of diseases and pests is carried out with the help of the preparations "Oxyhom", "Fundazol", spraying with salt water (1 tbsp. l. per 2 l of water) or diluted sour milk;
- you constantly need to check the condition of the bushes - if the plant begins to dry out, has become infected with a fungus, it must be immediately removed from the garden along with the root in order to protect healthy cucumbers.