How to germinate grape cuttings
Germinating grape cuttings allows you to get excellent planting material, which is much more stable than what is sold in the nursery.
How to germinate grape cuttings
Pruning cuttings at home
Cuttings for planting and germination are cut in the fall. At this time, only healthy branches remain on the bush, and all the weakened ones die off. You will need a pruner and a solution of copper sulfate. Cuttings are dipped into it after cutting. Vines with the largest bunches of grapes are the best planting material.
Cuttings are germinated and planted according to a clear algorithm:
- The cuttings are cut when there is no foliage left on the bush.
- Choose a vine as straight as possible, 0.7-1.2 cm in diameter.
- Choose a branch of medium length, unnecessary bends are not welcome. Each should have 2-3 buds. The cut is made at an angle of 45 ° at a distance of 3 cm from the first kidney.
- Cuttings are cut at positive temperatures. If frosts have begun, cuttings should be postponed until next year.
Storing grape cuttings at home
The main task is to keep moisture inside the shanks and avoid buds and shoots germination ahead of time.
Before starting storage, special processing is performed:
- chubuki are left in water for a couple of days, changing it regularly;
- after - for 20 sec. dipped in a solution of copper sulfate: this will prevent possible infection;
- planting material is dried by wiping with a paper towel or cloth;
- the sections are covered with wax or plasticine: this helps to retain moisture inside the cutting.
The storage of the shanks must be careful. Careful about the choice of location:
- In the fridge. This method is suitable for storing small quantities of harvested material. The cuttings are wrapped in wet paper, and then in cling film, holes are made for air circulation. Place the bundle in the coolest compartment of the refrigerator.
- In the cellar. This option will be of interest to summer residents in the middle lane. The cuttings are wrapped in a bag, sprinkled with sand on top. The low temperature in the cellar will prevent them from germinating prematurely.
- In the ground. To do this, they choose a place in the summer cottage and dig a hole 40-50 cm deep. Cuttings are placed in it, the earth is covered back. Low soil temperatures in winter will prevent the kidneys from swelling.
Check their condition periodically. If the cut is dry, it is soaked in water for a while, after which it is dried and again left for storage. The resulting mold helps to remove the potassium permanganate solution.
Preparing for germination
Before germinating, grape cuttings must be prepared. The prepared shanks are taken out in the spring, when the temperature is above zero on the thermometer. First, they are sorted out and the unusable ones are removed. To do this, make a transverse incision and examine it. If the cut site remains dry, the cutting has dried up and will no longer be able to grow and take root - it is thrown away.If moisture appears at the incision site, the next step will be to inspect the color: it should be rich green, without blotches.
Before germination begins, the cuttings are processed. They are dipped in a solution of potassium permanganate to remove bacteria, then washed in clean water, a straight cut is made at the bottom and an oblique cut at the top of the shank. After that, they are placed in a bucket of warm water for two days. On the third day, the shanks are soaked in a root growth stimulator.
In the process of germinating cuttings, not a single step must be missed. It is important to follow all of these steps, because well-done preparation is the key to success.
Germination methods
Germinating cuttings is easy
Germination of cuttings at home is carried out in several ways.
Germination in water
It is better to germinate grapes according to the method of R.P. Radchevsky. He carried out the germination of grape cuttings in water.
Water is poured into a plastic or glass bottle 2-3 cm long, up to 10 branches are placed in a container. To retain moisture, the top of the vessel is closed with a bag. The container is placed on a windowsill that faces the south or southwest side. Shoot growth is observed after 2 weeks, roots also begin to grow at this time.
This method of germinating grape cuttings is especially effective.
Rooting in the ground
By rooting in the ground, cuttings are planted by novice gardeners. The essence of the planting method is that the shanks are immediately placed in a separate container with soil. There is no guarantee that each cutting will be rooted when using this method. The main thing is to monitor the proper level of moisture in the soil.
Germination in tissue
This method was invented by N.L. Puzenko. He carried out the germination of cuttings by wrapping them in a wet cloth. The tops remained outside, and a film was wound around the fabric itself. Then they were placed on top of a cabinet or refrigerator so that the open part remained in the light. If the fabric dried out, it was sprayed to maintain the proper moisture level. The roots appeared after 2-3 weeks.
Sprouting in sawdust
Preparation of cuttings for germination should take place in advance. Sawdust is poured with boiling water, wait for them to cool and squeeze out excess water. Then they are poured into the pot, forming a layer of 2-3 cm. The shafts are planted in the pot, the second layer is poured, then it is covered with a film. The sawdust is periodically moistened. Roots appear after 2 weeks.
Recently, the cultivation of seedlings on peat tablets is popular. Chubuki is placed in a container and filled with warm water for 10-20 minutes. Holes are made in the middle of the tablets, cuttings are inserted there. They are placed in a plastic cup or pallet, at the bottom of which there will be wet sand or prepared sawdust.
The room temperature should be 20 ° C-24 ° C. Make sure that the moisture content of the peat tablets remains unchanged.
Growing shanks
Growing grape cuttings after germination at home is a troublesome process. In order not to damage the roots during transplantation, pay attention to their length: it should not be more than 2 cm. The container for germinated cuttings is filled with loose soil, which consists of garden soil, sand and humus. Drainage holes are made at the bottom.
Watering is carried out regularly, their frequency depends on the soil and the air temperature in the room. Light soil is moistened more often because moisture evaporates from it faster. If the house is warm, water is added to the ground once a week, if it is cool enough - once every 2-3 weeks.
Conclusion
Germinating grape cuttings at home is a task that any novice gardener can cope with if he follows all the recommendations. The main thing is to have patience and monitor future seedlings, then it will turn out to germinate the material in a short time and have time to do it before planting next year.