What are the diseases of quail, symptoms and methods of treatment

0

2416

Article rating

The keeping of quails is directly related to the health of the birds. The better the farmer monitors his own livestock (feeds correctly and creates comfortable conditions for the life of pets), the stronger the birds' immunity will be. But there are special diseases of quail, which are manifested through no fault of man. They arise due to the harmful effects of external factors.

Quail diseases

Each farmer should know how to recognize this or that disease in birds and how to get rid of it, because some pathologies can affect not only the productivity of quails, but also become the main reason for their death.

Why is a sick bird dangerous?

Quail eggs are exactly the product for which breeders keep these birds. The biological value of eggs is associated with a large amount of phosphorus and magnesium in the composition. It is these trace elements that provide the necessary growth for a growing organism. Pediatricians recommend that young mothers give quail eggs to children from the age of one. Also, doctors include several eggs a day in diets for people suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, etc. Doctors advise to include them in their own diet, even if the patient is at risk of gout.

But on the way, the breeder can face various diseases of the birds, which will create many problems with their further breeding, especially if these diseases are contagious. Quail is a bird with high resistance to infectious diseases. But if the livestock is not monitored by a veterinarian and a certain vaccination is not carried out, all farm efforts to keep birds may become in vain. Bacteria, viruses and parasites are capable of attacking one individual, and all livestock will suffer from them, so you should know everything about quail diseases, their description and treatment methods, in order to be ready to provide timely assistance to the birds and save your own business from loss.

Varieties of quail diseases

Quails have strong immunity, but sometimes they cannot cope with the "enemy", which can harm not only one bird, but also the entire livestock contained in the farm. Quail diseases are conventionally divided into:

• parasitic;
• non-infectious;
• infectious.

Each such type includes a large number of diseases of varying severity, which have their own symptoms and characteristics of their detection. In addition, sores threaten young animals more often than adults.

Some of these diseases are dangerous for people (salmonellosis, psittacosis, etc.), so every farmer should know everything about quail diseases and how to treat them.

Danger of non-communicable diseases of quail

The danger of non-communicable bird diseases largely depends on the characteristics of caring for them and their maintenance.Some pathologies have acute symptoms, but are quickly cured with the right approach. Others require professional supervision by veterinarians. Non-infectious diseases of quail do not pose a threat to human health, but they can “hit” the egg production of birds. Most often, quails have signs of diseases such as:

• loss of feathers;
• hypovitaminosis;
• pecking;
• physical injury;
• deformation of the shell;
• prolapse of the oviduct.

The most common cases are fractures and other physical injuries. The fearfulness and nature of quails are often the main reason for the appearance of such problems. To avoid serious injury to birds, the breeder should provide adequate space in their cages or poultry houses. But this does not guarantee complete safety for quails, so you should be aware of what symptoms indicate fractures in birds and what to do in such situations.

The weak point of birds is their wings and paws.

It is they who are most often prone to fractures. If the farmer noticed that the quail is behaving aggressively, and his wing or paw is fixed in an unnatural position, you should contact your veterinarian. Sometimes the arrival of a specialist is impossible or may not happen soon. In such cases, first aid should be given to the injured quail.

How to provide first aid for quail limb fractures?

Only a veterinarian can properly treat a fracture in a bird. It is his recommendations that should be followed after injury. But every breeder should also know how to provide first aid to an individual until a specialist gets to the farm. A person should:

1. Treat the damaged area with furacilin or manganese.
2. Press the broken limb against the bird's body.
3. Apply a splint of cotton wool, fixed with a bandage or any cloth.

Detailed instructions on what to do in case of injuries in quails can be obtained by watching a detailed video. If the poultry farmer is mistaken and the quail has no signs of a fracture, the bandage is removed. If the skin of birds is damaged, the injured area is treated with iodine or brilliant green.

Poultry can also get physical injuries from pecking.

They often fight among themselves, seriously injure each other and show signs of cannibalism. In addition, the safety of the eggs is also not guaranteed. Quails attack future offspring and eat it. If the breeder notices the excessive aggression of individual individuals, he should urgently take measures to save the entire flock: to plant wild birds in separate cages, and provide first aid to the victims.

Other non-communicable diseases

Alopecia (focal loss of feathers) is a common problem resulting from poor bird care and maintenance. This quail disease has its own symptoms, which are easy to determine even for an inexperienced breeder. The centers of feather loss are located on the back and head of birds. This symptom is the only one in this disease, it manifests itself against the background:

• lack of fortified food in the diet;
• lack of amino acids and iodine;
• poor living conditions: the presence of drafts in the poultry house or high air temperatures.

The only symptom of the quail's disease will quickly disappear as soon as the breeder introduces the necessary changes in the diet of the birds, and also provides comfortable conditions for keeping them. Consultation of a veterinarian is rarely required, quail diseases and their treatment depend on the diagnosis.

Another common problem that farmers may face is egg shell deformation. This quail disease is caused by nutritional errors. Calcium and vitamin D are considered especially important. It is necessary to saturate food with vitamins and minerals. The best remedies for this disease are chalk, shell rock and crushed shells.

Diseases of birds caused by a lack of vitamins in the diet have a large number of varieties.In addition to deformation of the shell and focal loss of feathers, quails may show signs of hypovitaminosis, as well as prolapse of the oviduct. These diseases can be classified as especially dangerous, as they can cause problems with egg production. Sometimes they lead to the death of birds.

Infectious diseases and features of their treatment

The most common diseases of quail, which are contagious, require urgent measures to treat them. Most often, birds suffer from:

• pseudo plague;
• pullorosis;
• aspergillosis;
• salmonellosis;
• colicbacteriosis.

Treatment and symptoms of quail infectious diseases have their own characteristics. Some of them are due to inaccuracies in the content, but more often than not, poor care plays a secondary role. Viruses that attack livestock are often acutely symptomatic. In addition, not all pathologies are cured. In order for sick quails not to threaten the health of the rest of the livestock, they must be destroyed.

In addition, not all birds are susceptible to attack by a particular virus. Some quails are immune to pseudo-plague (Newcastle disease). A feature of this pathology is the rapid spread of the virus and the death of the livestock. Most often, the surviving part of the birds, which, when kept with infected, did not show symptoms of pseudo-plague, and show immunity to such a disease. In addition, the absence of signs of infection does not affect whether the quail is a carrier of the disease.

Newcastle disease and salmonellosis

Such a quail's disease as pseudo-plague is one of the most dangerous and unpredictable. Its symptoms are:

• inactivity and lethargy of the bird;
• hard breath;
• blurred eyes;
• coordination problems;
• aggression;
• curl neck and saggy tail with wings.

Pseudo-plague refers to those diseases of quail for which there is no effective treatment. The meat of such a bird, as well as its eggs, must be destroyed. If food contaminated with pseudo-plague is ingested, a person can be poisoned and even die. This precaution applies to all infectious diseases.

Salmonellosis is an equally dangerous disease. It most often occurs due to errors in the care and maintenance of birds. Poor house ventilation and poor quality feed are the main causes of bacteria in the body. After defecation, the droppings stick together the down under the tail and become the main threat to other birds kept on the farm. As with pseudo-plague, the treatment of such a disease will not be effective. Those infected with salmonellosis are destroyed.

Other contagious diseases

Some diseases of the livestock are more likely to threaten young animals than adults. One of these is pullorosis. Its causative agent is salmonella. It occurs due to hypothermia, rare cleaning and disinfection in the poultry house, as well as due to poor-quality feed. The following signs of pullorosis stand out:

• drowsiness and problems with coordination, birds do not stand well;
• irritability, fearfulness;
• obstruction of the anus with droppings.

The description of quail's disease is difficult to confuse with other life-threatening diseases. But, as with other pathologies, any efforts are in vain. The quails should be killed, and their habitat should be disinfected. In addition, healthy birds should be injected with antibiotics. Such prevention will save the life of the remaining livestock.

There are also diseases caused by fungal infections. One of these is aspergillosis. Its causative agent is the aspergillus fumigatus fungus. A distinctive symptom is the blue color of the beak. It can also be seen on its paws. Quail of any age can get it. Unlike other diseases, its treatment can be effective with the correct selection of medicines.

Quail eye diseases are also not uncommon.Due to the ingress of dirt or debris into the body, birds show signs of infectious conjunctivitis. Treatment is carried out with antibiotics, as well as rinsing the eyes with a solution of boric acid. The sooner the breeder detects signs of the disease, the more chances that other birds will not be able to get conjunctivitis.

Parasitic infections

Prevention and treatment of parasitic infections can be carried out without the participation of a veterinarian, but under his supervision. Any quail can get sick with coccidiosis, mallophagosis or syngamosis. The risk of infection is increased if the house is rarely disinfected. All diseases have one thing in common - parasites. Nematodes and protozoa attack the body of birds through air, food and contact with any objects.

The causative agent of coccidiosis is the simplest coccidia. It settles in the intestines of birds and irritates its walls. Signs of infection are dark, frothy stools, refusal to eat, and lethargy. Such a disease can only be cured by a veterinarian who will carry out immunization and prescribe a course of coccidostatics.

Ultimately, the above description of the types of diseases characteristic of quails should have prompted the idea: how to treat an ailment, it is better to prevent it, monitor the quality of the conditions for keeping birds and contact a veterinarian if symptoms are suspected.