Description of the variety Bessonovsky onion
Bessonovsky onion, or, as the people call it, Local, has a lot of useful characteristics, which is why it is quite popular among gardeners throughout Russia. The prospects for growing the Bessonov variety fully justify its use for planting: it perfectly tolerates local, often unfavorable growing conditions, shows excellent yield and good storage stability during winter storage. Nowadays, the Bessonovsky vegetable can often be inferior to new promising varieties, but due to the fact that it is suitable both for growing in large farm fields and for sowing in a modest summer cottage, it remains in demand.
Besson's bow
The zoned onion continues to be popular due to its fairly high yield and rare useful properties that once made it famous. Numerous breeders are trying to improve the quality characteristics of onions by changing the growing conditions. By this it is planned to return the lost positions to this vegetable. You just need to know how to properly grow onions and how to care for crops. Some gardeners compare this variety only with the Family variety.
Before purchasing such a variety, it is necessary to study the peculiarities of its cultivation, look at its description of the Bessonovsky onion. You can talk to gardeners in various forums and find out where it is better to grow onions.
Description and properties of the Bessonovsky bow
The characteristics of the Bessonovsky variety are quite good, and gardeners are happy to grow such a variety in their garden. According to the description, this type of bulb has a compact size with a mass of up to 60 g, with golden scales that fit the pulp and serve as protection from various kinds of damage. Such an onion is not very juicy, but its taste is spicy, with a sharp pungency. Some tasters rate the taste as average and only in places slightly spicy, full-bodied.
This culture grows well in the middle climatic zone. The combination of the low moisture content and the spicy taste of the pulp allows the Bessonovsky variety to last up to 9 months, which becomes an undoubted advantage of this variety. Such keeping quality is appreciated by both farmers and owners of large fields, because it makes it possible to hold back the harvest, which preserves the presentation and excellent quality of taste. Onions can be sold when their price increases. You can see onions in more detail in a photo or video.
A biennial plant is grown from seeds (nigella) or by sowing sets - small bulbs that plant in spring and grow into a full-fledged onion of a marketable size. Onions are successfully grown from seeds, as this is the most popular method. Sowing seedlings gives a relatively high yield, and the planting of nigella almost does not need care and they grow like weeds every day.Such onions reach market ripeness earlier than others and are ready for harvest by the end of July or at the beginning of August.
It mainly depends on climatic conditions, on the area and region of residence. The variety cannot boast of a high yield, but the resulting products are stored for up to 9 months. In the spring, you just need to sort out the raw materials, separating the good bulbs from the bad ones and determining which of them can be stored further, and which ones will end up on the table, giving a spicy taste to salads. How to properly grow Bessonovsky onions from seeds or planting sets can be seen in a photo or video.
Growing onions from seeds
Nigella is sown in the spring, when the soil dries up a little and it can be dug up: under this condition, the threat of a return of winter will pass, and frosts will not destroy the crops. Nigella is sown in grooves up to 2 cm deep and up to 3 cm wide. The grooves are made at a distance of up to 3 cm, and the distance between the seeds is left quite frequent - no more than 1.5 cm. So each plant from the seeds will receive the necessary conditions for germination. The sown seeds are covered with humus or covered with earth and then fertilized. After sowing nigella, watering should not be overused and, if the beds are completely dry, water a little, but only between the rows.
Sowing is done in the spring after the snow melts and in the fall before winter. When planting in autumn, seeds are sown in slightly frozen soil so that they do not begin to develop at inopportune times and do not die in winter. Crops are covered with leguminous tops, needles or dry peat, and the soil is fertilized with potash or phosphorus fertilizers before planting. Nitrogen fertilizers can also be used, but in small doses, so as not to change the acid ratio of the soil. For full development, magnesium and manganese should also be added.
To bring the ripening time of the crop closer, the Bessonovsky onion is grown from pre-prepared seedlings. When using seedlings, the crop can be harvested 1.5-2 months earlier.
Features of germination of seedlings
Onions of this variety are often affected by diseases and pests, but the most tender of all is a young specimen that has just sprouted. Sprouted seedlings are carefully fed and kept at a temperature of 20-22 ° C so as not to erode the roots. To prevent the shoots from stretching, you should provide sufficient lighting for the seedlings and avoid problems with contamination of the soil by bacteria and pests, for which it is calcined in a hot oven. All the features of planting and growing can be seen in a photo or video. If the weather is excellent, then the nigella rises 10-15 days after planting. Prolonged cold weather and lack of sun can prevent sprouting.
Until the sprouts appear, you should constantly loosen between the rows. After the sprouts have sprouted in most of their part, they should be thinned out. The weakest and most underdeveloped ones are removed, which are subsequently used for food, like spring greens. Such a complex of works is done 2-3 times per summer and leaves the most developed and largest shoots in the garden. The crop grown from nigella is harvested in August, and watering is stopped 2 weeks before harvesting in order for the onion to be better stored.
Onions are sown with seeds to obtain sets: then the crops are not cut through, and after harvesting, you just need to sort out the collected onions. The process is carried out to leave the best bulbs that will survive the winter and will not dry out, but will yield a full harvest next year. The selected seed should have a smooth surface, it should not have stains and traces of damage, it should have elasticity and not be too small.
How to grow onions using sets
Onion sets are small annual bulbs for planting that are grown with their own hands or bought. Such sets are not expensive and are quite common. Planting onion sets has a number of positive aspects, which makes it possible to grow this particular variety. Thanks to this action,
- the vegetable forms a marketable bulb faster, which affects the yield;
- you can choose the healthiest and largest bulbs for planting.
- no need to grow seedlings for planting.
This type of set is excellently stored, suitable for early planting and ripens quickly, although this variety has a major drawback. It categorically cannot be planted before winter; it can be grown only in spring. It is recommended to get not only a full-fledged bulb from it, but also to use it for growing green onions. For this purpose, the largest bulbs are used, and the beds are often watered so that the green feathers develop better.
What can interfere with the cultivation of onions?
The main disadvantages of the Bessonovsky onion are its weak resistance to pests and low immunity to diseases. Local onions are susceptible to powdery mildew and various rot, therefore, when using this type of onion, pest control preparations should be used. For prevention, the beds are treated with copper sulfate, potassium permanganate solution and diluted ammonia water. You should not use all these agents at the same time - a concentrated dose of plant protection drugs in this case will only harm.
When signs of the disease already appear, which are recognized by the images in the photo, it is necessary to resort to chemical agents. There are also signs of degeneration of the Local variety, which manifests itself in a deterioration in germination, a decrease in yield and quality of the harvested bulbs. Such a problem may not speak about the degeneration of the variety, but about the deterioration of the quality of the planting material, in addition, Russian breeders are actively working on the restoration of the variety. You should be aware that in order to get a good harvest, you need to look for local seeding only from trusted suppliers with good seed.
Bessonovsky's onion varieties are considered reliable. This type of onion belongs to the cheapest and most practical option that is grown from seeds and through sets. This onion does not differ in particular yield and is often affected by pests - you cannot plant sets before winter. But this vegetable gives a high-quality harvest and is well stored, therefore, when choosing planting material, this onion is often used. You can see the common pests of the Bessonovsky onion in a photo or video.
Useful Tips
If you have definitely decided that you will purchase Bessonovsky onions, you should choose a responsible seller to purchase the bulbs. Also, good quality goods can be purchased in specialized stores selling seeds or sevka. When purchasing unusable or spoiled material, onions may simply not give a bountiful harvest or grow small. When choosing a seed, it is recommended to carefully select the bulb and look for damage or putrefactive places on it. Also, if pests are found on the onion, then it should be discarded.
In order for the planting material to grow successfully in the garden bed, the seedlings should be planted on the southern or eastern side of the site. The fact is that in those places where the sun hits the planting least of all, the soil may not have time to dry out. In such soil, pests and insects, various fungal infections are often found. When growing plantings on the sunny side, onions are less likely to be exposed to common diseases and pests.