Horse breed Oryol trotter
The world famous Orlov trotter, also called the Orlov trotting horse, is an easy-harness pedigree branch, in which the ability of a frisky trot, one of the best in the world, has been fixed at the level of genetics.
Oryol trotter
About Orlov's trotters
The line of Orlov trotters was brought out by domestic horse breeding in the Voronezh region at the stud farm of Count Orlov. The history of the appearance of the trotting mare and the horse of Count Orlov falls on the period between the end of the 17th - the beginning of the 19th century. In the process of crossing, when breeding a new Russian breed line, the blood of the Arab and Danish horses, the Dutch and McLenburg horses were taken as the genetic basis.
The Orlov trotter of Count Orlov in apples became famous thanks to its widespread use in Russia in horse troika. Today, animals are best known for participating in international horse auctions.
In modern conditions, the Oryol trotter has become applicable under the saddle for walking purposes and as a sports specimen in equestrian sports. Its natural feature to gracefully roll the neck and gracefully hold its head has become one of the reasons why they are very often harnessed to harnesses. One of the oldest trotting Oryol breed in the history of Russia is also used in driving.
The geography of distribution of the Oryol breed of trotters covers a huge territory. In the period before the revolution, stud farms were profitably engaged in their breeding everywhere, with the exception of the Far North, deserts and southern mountains. It was prestigious for stud farms to buy and raise beautiful stallions and mares from Count Orlov with a pedigree.
Differences from other trotting genotypes
The genetic uniqueness of the beautiful mare and stallion, capable of transmitting trotting skills, color and constitution, has been investigated through various markers of biochemical, immune and molecular origin.
Biochemical comparison
The gene pool of strong men was compared at the biochemical level with different breed lines, which showed their intermediate location among the riding and heavy-harness pedigree branches. The Oryol horse breed stands out significantly among the representatives of American descent and other foreign trotting genotypes.
At the same time, it was concluded that Orlov's trotter resembles more the European roots of the harness pedigree branches than the Arab ancestors.
Immunogenetic analysis
Analytics at the immunogenetic level have demonstrated that the Orlovsky horse is formed into different lines depending on local living conditions, thanks to adaptation processes. So, between the Siberian trotters and racers from the European Russian territory, a noticeable difference was found between the breed types of populations.
Molecular Analytics
At the molecular level of the study of the breed, the processes of pigment formation of the coat colors were analyzed in order to consolidate the genotypes of animals in the future.
As a result of the measures taken, the improvement of the superiority of beautiful Russian animals began to be ensured by applying the process of crossing with American and French trotting horses, which also made it possible to preserve the appearance of the breed and its inherent color.
Exterior
The description of the Oryol horse breed refers it to large representatives that grow at the withers up to 1.57-1.7 m.The average height of the Orlov trotter is 1.6-1.61 m, the stallion is 1.62-1.63 m. The girth of the chest of a horse of the Orlov breed is 1.8 m, in the pastern - 20.0-20.3 cm.The weight of the horses is from 0.5 to 0.55 tons.
The suit of trotters can be varied:
- the most common are gray horses, especially the gray Orlov trotters with apples,
- the animal can be dark or light, almost white, tone, gray with a reddish tint, bay animals are often found,
- the suit of the Oryol breed of horses can be black,
- reddish colors and roan horses are less common.
In nature, there are creamy trotters, which have fixed the creamy gene from the brown mare.
Count Orlov's description of the modern horse and trotting mare characterizes it as a harmoniously developed horse with a dry head on a high neck, bending like a swan. The draft Oryol trotting horse breed is distinguished by a strong constitution with a muscular dorsal region and strong limbs with strong hooves.
The Oryol horse is distinguished by its agility at a trot, and it consolidates these qualitative characteristics, passing it on to subsequent generations at the genetic level, acting as an excellent breeding material in large-scale domestic horse breeding.
The characteristic of the Oryol breed of horses describes them as animals with a proud bearing, a lush mane and tail, and graceful movements. By nature, the Orlov trotter is a good-natured, but temperamental animal.
In domestic horse breeding, Oryol trotters are most in demand in three main genotypes:
- a massive type resembling the appearance of heavy trucks,
- light, so-called "prize", dry type,
- medium (intermediate) type.
Modern use
This horse breed in 2007 was recognized by the domestic Ministry of Agriculture.
The restored genotype of thoroughbred horses differs from the representatives of the last century in its agility. Despite the demonstrated excellent speed results, in general they did not manage to surpass American horses, which are more frisky by genotype, in this.
The absolute speed record of the domestic breed of trotters was recorded at the level of 1 minute 57.2 seconds at a distance of 1.6 km. This record time belongs to a stallion named Cowboy, who showed results in a race in the 90s of the last century in Ramensk.
Today, the Oryol trotters reproduce in 8 lines, named after the horses' nicknames:
- The leading producer of the Oryol breed is the Peony, which surpasses all others in terms of the number and quality characteristics of the offspring.
- The hereditary branches of the Catch, Pilot and Square have smaller indicators, but they are also large.
- Fewer breeding line of End.
- An insignificant contribution to the development of the Oryol breed is carried by branches from Vetr, Barchuk and Voin.
Modern breeding stables, where Count Orlov's stallions and mares are kept and pedigree foals are bred, are located on the territory of Ukraine and Russia. How much can you buy a horse? The price of a foal of the Oryol breed from Kvadrat costs from 110 thousand rubles, but this is far from the limit, since the price of the Oryol breed of horses depends on many factors. So, the cost of a foal can be up to 250 thousand rubles. The average price of an adult horse with a pedigree is up to 250-270 thousand rubles.
The unique breed of trotters is used in different areas of equestrian sports. Show jumping, dressage, ordinary amateur riding and driving are suitable for her.