Useful and harmful properties of honey agarics
Honey mushrooms are common throughout Russia. They have a clearly visually separating cap and stem. The hat is small, saucer-shaped, elastic. The leg is thickened, fleshy, elongated cylindrical in shape. In this article, you can get acquainted with the benefits and harm that honey agarics can bring to the human body.
Useful and harmful properties of Honey mushrooms
Description and types
Honey mushrooms grow, as it is customary to say among mycologists - by conglomerates (growing together at the place of attachment to the surface) or by a group, represented by individual fruit bodies on the site. Fruiting period from May to the first snow. These mushrooms include meadow, steppe, forest species. The edible species are as follows:
- meadow mushroom;
- about. winter;
- about. summer;
- about. autumn;
- about. bulbous;
- about. dark
- about. yellow-red.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Honey mushrooms are a group of mushrooms, which, in principle, got their name from the place of "registration" (but there are species for which stumps are not a natural habitat, but the structural features are characteristic), but they belong to different genera and families. Each of the edible mushroom species has its own characteristics. So, for example, under the general name "autumn mushroom" there are 2 types of honey mushrooms (northern autumn mushroom and honey mushroom), which outwardly are almost impossible to distinguish. You can see the characteristic features only with microscopic examination. In addition, the color of the cap depends on the substrate on which this mushroom lives - it can be dark gray, reddish brown, and honey yellow. Meadow mushroom is a species that, unlike other mushrooms, settles on the soil of an open area. A winter honey agaric can bear fruit in general until spring.
However, their fruit bodies are useful only after soaking and heat treatment. This group of mushrooms is classified as conditionally edible, therefore, in the raw pulp, it is necessary to destroy the compounds present and carrying a possible danger to humans. The texture of untreated fruit bodies is tough, which determines the need for boiling. In foreign sources, some species of honey agaric are classified as weakly poisonous.
When collecting honey mushrooms, you need to be extremely careful so as not to confuse edible mushrooms with poisonous ones, such as:
- the row is sulfur-yellow;
- the gallery is bordered;
- false mushroom brick-red;
- death cap.
Beneficial features
The pulp of honey agarics of different types contains vitamins A, D, PP, E, C and group B. Vitamins C and A prevail in terms of quantity. Useful substances are micro- and macroelements:
- potassium;
- iron;
- calcium;
- sodium;
- magnesium;
- phosphorus.
Most of all, the organisms of these fungi contain potassium and phosphorus ions. The benefits of honey agaric to the human body are in the balanced composition of the product. 100 g of fresh product accounts for:
- 2.2 g of proteins;
- 1.2 g fat;
- 0.5 g of carbohydrates;
- 0.5 g of mono - and disaccharides;
- 0.5 g of ash elements.
The remaining 90 g is occupied by water, and 5.1 g is part of dietary fiber. They consist of pectin and chitin, oleic, formic, palminic acids.The benefits of mushrooms in their low calorie content - 22 kcal per 100 g. This is a dietary product that, due to the presence of chitin, is broken down for a long time in the digestive tract, and the feeling of hunger does not arise. It is useful to replace fried meat with mushrooms with mushrooms and lose weight.
Mushrooms lower cholesterol
Properties useful for the human body:
- Improves eyesight, strengthens hair, nails, teeth.
- They have a beneficial effect on the heart and circulatory system. Lowers blood cholesterol levels.
- Balance the work of the brain and nervous system.
- Prevents aging of cells and tissues.
- Improves mood, prevents depression, anxiety, insomnia.
- Chitin and pectin cleanse the intestines from toxins.
Contraindications
Harm from fruiting bodies manifests itself with their excessive use, individual intolerance, improper processing. General contraindications for use are as follows:
- Children under 7 years old cannot eat forest mushrooms.
- Elderly people - they need to limit their daily intake.
- Pregnant and lactating women are categorically contraindicated.
- People with diseases of the stomach, intestines (they will not be able to assimilate chitin).
- Suffering from epilepsy, hypertension.
- People with an allergic reaction to any of the pulp chemistry.
The accumulation of salts in the pulp can also cause significant harm.
Application
The use of mushrooms is not limited to cooking. They are useful in folk and traditional medicine.
The medicine
Using the mycelium of the autumn mushroom, they make special bread for diabetics. Honey mushrooms are used abroad as a natural laxative. And also scientists are working on proof of the healing properties of the extract from mushrooms for carcinoma and sarcoma (types of cancer).
It is proven that the pulp absorbs radioactive radiation and binds toxins in the body. Beta gluten from the pulp is used in medicines. Mushrooms are recommended in the fight against E. coli and staphylococcus.
In folk medicine, honey mushrooms are used as antibiotics, anesthetic. Alcoholic tinctures on dried fruit bodies remove warts, and when taken orally with honey, strengthen immunity during the cold season.
Cooking
Fresh processed honey mushrooms are used as garnishes with onions and sour cream. In addition, honey mushrooms are great for harvesting for the winter:
pickling and salting;
drying - retains many useful properties;
deep (or shock) freezing - this type of workpiece is considered the most effective. However, prepared so. mushrooms after freezing still need to be boiled. Mushroom caviar and cream soups are prepared.
Fresh fruiting bodies are stored only in the refrigerator and no more than 3 days. When canning, follow the technology to avoid the development of botulism.
Conclusion
Honey mushrooms are useful due to the content of vitamins, micro- and macroelements. The high nutritional value makes this product popular in Russia. In the West, conditionally edible mushrooms are almost never used, considering them dangerous for humans. Honey mushrooms are widely used in traditional medicine and folk remedies.
