Planting garlic in different regions
The planting of garlic in different regions depends on the climatic conditions in the areas and the care technologies during the growing season. Knowledge of its biological specificity and storage rules allows you to get attractive bulbs and increase yield indicators.
Planting garlic in different regions
Garlic varieties
Garlic cloves are used to grow the plant. In one bulb of a plant, there are about 8 pieces, but experts do not recommend using purchased garlic for storage for the winter, the probability of germination is 15%.
Garlic varieties are divided into 2 types: shooters and non-shooters. In the first version, an arrow emerges from the head of the plant, and an inflorescence is obtained from above. They ripen when their arrows and leaves turn yellow. Only the winter variety belongs to it.
The non-shooting type of garlic has only leaves during the growth period. Varieties belonging to this species can be spring and winter. If garlic is grown for long-term storage, winter is planted: it is harvested in the fall. The teeth in the head are large and covered with purple skin. Winter garlic includes varieties:
- Dubkovsky;
- Degtyarsky;
- Otradnensky;
- Yelenovsky;
- Siberian.
All these varieties are suitable for the territories of the Saratov, Kaliningrad, Voronezh and Tver regions.
In the spring variety, the teeth are smaller, and in the center there is a shaft.
Planting dates for garlic
Exact adherence to the timing of planting crops helps to get a bountiful harvest. The planting time is chosen, taking into account the variety of the culture. The winter species tolerates frosts well, it is planted in open ground in late autumn.
It is better to plant a crop deeply, then it tolerates frost well. A spring plant that will be used for the winter is recommended to be planted no later than March 20-25. Also, the landing time is determined using the temperature of the earth.
| Rooms | Temperature | Disembarkation dates |
| 1 | 3 ° C-7 ° C. | The earliest dates for disembarkation. The soil thaws and becomes moist. In the middle lane, this is the end of March and the beginning of April. |
| 2 | 9 ° C-12 ° C. | Optimal planting time. This temperature promotes the rapid development of the root system, and then the powerful green part. For a temperate climatic zone, this is mid-April. |
| 3 | 13 ° C-17 ° C. | Standard disembarkation times. For a temperate continental climate, this is the end of April or the beginning of May. |
| 4 | from 18 ° C | With such a temperature regime, it is undesirable to plant garlic: its yield will be small, the keeping quality of the bulbs will decrease, their quality |
If you are late with planting, the plant will not have time to take root and will die. If the prongs are planted early, during a warm autumn they will sprout before frost, and this will reduce the plant's resistance to frost.
The harvest depends on the timing of planting
Garlic is planted in different regions, taking into account the weather conditions:
- in Penza, Nizhny Novgorod, Kursk and Arkhangelsk regions - in early and mid September;
- in Vladimir, Ulyanovsk, Volgograd, Samara regions - at the end of August;
- in the Krasnodar Territory, on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, in the Transcaucasus, the winter variety is planted from August to September;
- in Rostov, Kirov, Orenburg and Pskov regions and in Volgograd - at the end of September.
In the northern regions, garlic is planted on ridges in 3 rows, in the central lane and in the south - on a flat surface, with row spacing - 45-50 cm.
The scheme and depth of planting garlic
For growing crops, a two-line planting scheme is used in open ground. This means that the plant is placed in a row 160 cm wide, the distance between the rows is 10-15 cm, and in the row spacing is 40-45 cm. In order for the shooting culture to survive the winter, the distance between the teeth in the row should be 7-9 cm. - about 7 cm.
When planting, do not press the teeth into the ground. They are laid out in a hole in an upright position. To determine at what depth to plant a crop, take into account the type of land:
- light sandy loam soil - 10 cm deep;
- clay soil - about 7 cm;
- black soil - to a depth of 6-7 cm.
The beds are dug on the sunny side, orienting them from north to south. They are made in breadth up to 1 m, and in height - up to 30 cm. A week before planting, the soil is dug up.
Preparation before landing
To start growing garlic, planting material is correctly selected and prepared. To do this, the teeth are disassembled and carefully examined. The division of the head into teeth is carried out 4-5 days before planting in open ground. For cultivation, choose only the same ones that do not have double or accrete parts. A suitable prong size is about 4 cm.
For disinfection and prophylaxis, teeth before planting 30 min. kept in a solution of copper sulfate. To do this, mix 10 g of the substance and 2 liters of water. For processing different varieties, different compositions are used:
- for spring varieties, garlic is infused for 24 hours in a nitroammofoska solution, mixing 1 tbsp. l. substances and 4 liters of water;
- for winter varieties, the vegetable is soaked for 30 minutes. in saline solution (6 liters of water per 2 tbsp. l. substance) or 20 min. - in copper.
A suitable crop soil is nutrient-rich sandy or loamy soil with low acidity. To enrich the soil, fertilizers are applied at the end of August. To do this, mix 10 kg of humus, 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate, 2 tbsp. ash and 2 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate. After that, the soil is dug 20 cm deep.
Good Precursors for Garlic:
- clover;
- oats;
- barley;
- beans;
- cucumbers.
Garlic is not planted in the same place; it is returned to its former territory only after 5 years.
Planting garlic with air bulbs
For cultivation, small bulb seeds are used, obtained from the arrow-peduncle. 2 days before harvesting, the arrows are cut, tied and left for a month under a canopy to get seed.
Planting with air bulbs will yield a crop in 2-3 years. For planting, only specimens are used that have been dried and stored at appropriate temperature conditions. For 30 days of planting, a thin film is removed from the bulbs and placed in the refrigerator. To plant a healthy culture, small specimens are discarded after refrigeration. This type of planting is suitable for any region.
Conclusion
Experts do not recommend planting a plant at a great depth and in a place fertilized with organic matter? this leads to an active build-up of green mass and fruiting with soft and pimply bulbs. It is better to dig out winter garlic in the fall, when the lower part of the tops has turned yellow.