How to properly plant garlic for the winter

0

1414

Article rating

Planting garlic for the winter is beneficial, as it allows you to get a vegetable of excellent quality and large size. In order for the harvest to succeed, you need to properly prepare both the soil and seedlings. We will learn how to properly plant garlic before winter, what is the scheme of the process.

Garlic for the winter

When winter garlic is planted

It is worth saying that planting garlic for the winter will depend on how deep you plan to plant the vegetable.

Depth 4-5 cm

Garlic is planted before winter to a depth of 4-5 cm before the first frost appears.

The first month of autumn is considered the ideal time. In this case, the chances of not catching severe cold weather at the first stage of growing increase, that is, the plant will have time to take root during this period. If you do this later than this date, chances are that the winter garlic will not survive the winter.

If we take the average temperature in Russia as an example, it is best to plant a vegetable for the winter at a given depth in late September - early October. If we are talking about warmer regions, you can take your time and plant garlic for the winter in November.

Planting depth 10-15 cm

It is worth saying that experienced summer residents and gardeners prefer deeper sowing, that is, 10-15 cm into the ground. This significantly increases the chances of rooting, in addition, the plant tolerates frost better in winter.

It is recommended to plant in late summer - early October.

Then winter garlic is planted

The quality and quantity of the harvest depends on the precursors of garlic. Garlic grows best where previously grown annual vegetables such as legumes, tomatoes or cucumbers.

Good soil remains after growing pumpkin, zucchini or cabbage, they saturate the ground with various organic matter.

If onions were grown in the garden, it is worth taking a break of 3-4 years, only after that use the soil under the garlic. It is also worth being careful with the soil after potatoes, because garlic can become infected with fusarium or nematode.

In addition, avoid planting in soil that has recently been flavored with manure, because garlic will produce too abundant tops, which will make it unprotected against fungi and other diseases.

In order for a vegetable to be born, you need to find the best soil, the acidity of which will be normal or will be reduced. It is recommended to place the bed where it will be as sunny as possible, preferably from the north to the south.

Preparing the beds

In order for the garlic to take root, and the harvest to be as rich as possible, preparatory work must be carried out before sowing.

The land must be prepared

Soil preparation

Already at the end of summer, you can begin to fertilize the soil. To do this, it is worth adding:

• 10 kg of humus
• 200 g of chalk
• 500 gzola
• Potassium sulfate - 3 tablespoons
• Superphosphate - 2 tablespoons

This amount of fertilizer will be needed for each square meter of vegetable beds; fertilizers are laid at a depth of at least 15 cm.

Formation of the garden

The optimal bed for winter garlic is an area about 100 cm wide and about 30 cm high. After the soil is dug up, you need to give the earth a rest, that is, let the soil settle. If there is little rainfall during this period, it is recommended to irrigate the soil several times.

Do not rush and plant garlic in the winter immediately after digging up the beds. This will negatively affect how the plant will develop, it is likely that the cloves will be too deep, the germination period will increase, which will affect the yield indicators.

Soil cultivation rules

In order to increase the natural immunity of the plant, you need to properly process the soil immediately before planting.

To do this, you need to treat the soil with a weak solution of copper sulfate (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water). Let the solution sit, then use a watering can to water the beds. In order for the solution to be absorbed as much as possible and fulfill its purpose, it is recommended to cover the beds with film or agrofibre. It is also necessary to cover the garden every time the air temperature drops below minus 5 ° frost.

It is strictly forbidden to fertilize garlic beds with manure, this will negatively affect the quality of the crop, making it less dense, depriving the garlic of its bright taste.

In addition, immediately before planting, it is recommended to season the earth with urea, scattering it over the surface of the soil. Take for the calculation the proportion of 15 g per square meter. Water the garden bed well after that.

Garlic preparation

It's time to figure out how to prepare the vegetable itself so that it gives a good harvest. It is worth carefully sorting out the seed, choosing the healthiest, largest and densest specimens from it.

• There should be no dents in it
• No rot and cracks
• It is advisable to select cloves of the same size in order to grow a rich harvest.

Experienced gardeners do not recommend dividing the vegetable into cloves in advance; it is better to leave this process closer to the time of direct planting. With this advice, you will be able to avoid dry garlic for the winter. Also, do not waste time peeling off the husk, the plant will still be able to take root.

If you have chosen varieties that are classified as non-shooting as planting material, it is worth taking only those cloves that are on the outer tier.

Garlic disinfection

The best selected specimens must first be disinfected without fail. To do this, they are placed in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or de placed in a solution of copper sulfate, no more than 1%. This procedure completes the list of preparatory work before planting.

Landing rules

Let's start a step-by-step description of planting winter garlic, tell you about caring for it.

We form holes

On a pre-prepared bed, you need to make a markup. To do this, you can use the most common stick, making small holes in the soil with it. At the same time, it is important to observe the distance between them, it is recommended to leave a place of about 10-12 cm. The recommended depth is 4-15 cm, this will depend on what time the garlic is planted before winter, as well as what depth you have chosen.

In addition to the distance between the holes, it is worth paying attention to such a criterion as the distance between the rows, it is recommended to leave about 20 cm.

When deepening the cloves, it is not necessary to press them hard into the ground, because this can slow down the stage of root formation.

If the soil is dry during planting, it is worth treating it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

We bury the holes and mulch

Now it's time to bury the seedling-filled holes. It is best to use compost for this purpose.

An important step in growing garlic for the winter is mulching. As mulch, you can use the needles of conifers, peat or fallen leaves. As for the layer thickness, it is recommended to add about 10-12 cm of mulch. If planting garlic before winter is planned in a warm region, you can skip this stage.

Alternative growing method

Previously, a classic method of planting garlic for the winter was described, we will give an example of an equally popular option, which was first used in Novosibirsk.

We feed the garlic and fertilize the earth

How fertilizers are applied

At the end of summer, the following list of fertilizers should be added to the land under the grown vegetable:

• Superphosphate - 1 tbsp. l.
• Potassium sulfate - 2 tbsp l
• Wood ash - 3 cups
• Humus -12 kg
• Chalk - 1 glass

All figures are given per 1 sq. M, they should be applied only in dry form, carefully scattered over the surface on a windless day.

Soil cultivation

After fertilizing, you need to carefully dig up the beds, this is a mandatory point of care. Then pour water over the earth abundantly so that the soil settles faster. Follow the weather forecast, if rain is promised, you should not water the beds.

We fill the beds correctly

The peculiarity of the described alternative method is that garlic is planted in the winter in the company of peas, mustard and oats. Moreover, the neighbors are planted first, for this an area is prepared along the garden at a distance of 40-50 cm.

Land cultivation before planting

Before planting garlic before winter, you need 2-3 days in advance, it is worth adding top dressing. To do this, you can use urea, as in the previous version. It is recommended to use 15 gna 1 sq.m. After that, you need to water the garden generously.

Growing tips

There are some tips and tricks regarding planting garlic for the winter that will help you reap a rich harvest of this vegetable.

• Place the cloves strictly upside down, that is, strictly vertically, otherwise there is a risk that they simply will not germinate and it will be impossible to care for them. Do not forget that you cannot deepen the seedlings too much.
• Do not spare water for irrigation, winter garlic loves moist soil. Watering should be done once every three to four days.
• Do not screw them into the soil, it may happen that the clove will simply push out during rooting.
• For insulation, it is best to use peat or sawdust, this material retains the temperature in the soil for a long time
• Many summer residents in winter specially sprinkle the beds with snow in order to improve the indicative yield. It works like a natural hideout.
• Do not use the soil for garlic before winter more than two times in a row, otherwise you risk being left without a crop.

Choosing a winter variety

Any variety of garlic for the winter is characterized by excellent frost resistance, as well as good yield indicators. However, among all the variety of varieties presented, you have to choose only one. We will learn how to choose the best winter garlic variety.

Alcor

This species belongs to the mid-season, it is considered one of the most productive. The bulbs of this variety of winter vegetable have a dense structure, slightly rounded, purple-pink color. It is characterized as the most cold-resistant, but at the same time it is quite often affected by yellow dwarfism.

Belarusian variety

Also applies to early ripening, shoots, yield indicators are average. The bulbs are dense to the touch, large enough, have gray scales. It tolerates severe Russian winters well, has natural protection against bacterial rot, and does not require special care.

Jubilee Gribovsky

The Yubileyny Gribovskiy variety has an average ripeness, it grows, brings good yields, and was bred in the Kuban.The bulbs have flat edges, the husk is purple, and has white streaks. It tolerates prolonged drought well, has good immunity against most diseases.

Galina

The Galina variety is classified as mid-season, usually giving very high yield rates. The bulbs are flat, the husk is pink, and blue veins are allowed. The variety has natural protection against fusarium, tolerates the dry period well.

Kizima

The mid-season variety Kizima is a kind of winter garlic for the winter, it gives a very high yield. The bulbs are very large, rounded, the husk is off-white, with purple streaks. Weak spots - often suffers from bacterial rot, is affected by nematodes and other pests.

Moscow region variety

A variety of garlic for the winter, which brings good yields, is considered mid-season, it is shot. The bulbs are oblong, colored brownish with purple veins. Well resists typical diseases and parasites.

Sofievsky

Arrowhead type of winter garlic, produces excellent yields. The denticles have a rounded shape, reach a large size, and are colored purple. Differs in natural protection against nematodes.

Spas

An early ripening variety of winter garlic, which is classified as a shooting variety. The shape of the bulbs is oval, the husk is gray with red and purple veins. It tolerates frost and dry periods well, is protected from nematode and fusarium infection.

It is worth saying that choosing the right variety of winter garlic is half the battle.

Lunar calendar planting garlic

Quite often, the lunar calendar is used to determine the date of planting of a particular culture; it is also used for garlic.

In 2018, it is better to use the following dates for planting garlic:

• September - 7th, 10th, 22nd and 25th
• October - 3, 4, 15, 17, 20 and 23
• November - 1,3, 5, 10, 27, 30

Of course, the last month of autumn is still not the best time to plant garlic in winter, so you should not count on a rich harvest with such a late planting.

As for harvesting garlic, they try to harvest it on a fine sunny day, after you notice the yellow color of the lower leaves. The vegetable obtained after harvesting should be dried for 5-6 days, only then eat.

Now you know how to properly plant garlic before winter, you can choose the right variety, and plant winter garlic correctly.

How to distinguish a winter variety

In order to grow a crop for the winter period, you need to figure out how to distinguish winter varieties from spring varieties, which are usually planted in spring. For convenience, we have summarized all the signs in a table: