Rules for planting garlic in autumn in Bashkiria
The climate of Bashkortostan is good for garlic. Planting a crop for the winter allows the plant to develop a root system and give a rich harvest in the future. Autumn planting of garlic in Bashkiria has some peculiarities, but according to the basic rules it does not differ from planting in any other region.
Rules for planting garlic in autumn in Bashkiria
Soil and climate in Bashkiria
In the Republic of Bashkortostan, winters are cold and long, and summers are warm, with average humidity. The weather conditions in the region are relatively stable.
Deciduous and mixed forests are widespread on the territory of Bashkiria. The soils in the region are sod-podzolic, gray forest in the forest-steppe zone and meadow-chernozem on the mountain slopes and relief depressions. The soil is rich in humus, but its mobility is low. The biological activity of the soil is also reduced.
For normal growth, garlic needs light loamy soil, sandy loam or sandy loam chernozems, rich in nutrients and moisture. The culture will grow and give rich harvests in Bashkiria, if the site is properly prepared on the site and proper care is provided.
Soil for garlic
Garlic needs the right conditions for normal growth:
- flat relief without deflections with stagnant water and hills with drafts;
- neutral acidity of the soil - acidic soil is treated with lime;
- moderate soil moisture.
The plant should not be planted in an area where potatoes, tomatoes and onions used to grow. They share pests and diseases. Re-planting garlic in the same place is possible only after 4-5 years.
Good predecessors of the crop are fodder legumes, pumpkin seeds, early white cabbage and cauliflower, and greens. Harvesting from the site for the autumn planting of garlic should be done before the end of July.
Planting time of winter garlic
Garlic is planted in the fall, when a stable air temperature of 11 ° C-14 ° C is established outside. In Bashkortostan, this weather is usually set in late September-mid-October.
At least 1.5 months should pass from planting garlic in the ground to the first frost, and therefore it is worth considering the weather forecasts for autumn 2018. During this time, the plant will have time to form a root system in order to successfully overwinter. The garlic should not have time to germinate: young seedlings will not survive the severe frosts of Bashkiria.
Preparation of planting material
Only healthy teeth are suitable for planting.
For planting, use healthy cloves of freshly harvested garlic. Choose large and medium-sized cloves. They are separated from the head just before planting in the ground. With an earlier separation, they dry out quickly and become unsuitable for planting.
If the appearance of the cloves is unhealthy, the vegetable has been damaged by pests, they are restored. Before planting, the material is dipped in a potassium permanganate solution.
Landing rules
To grow such a plant, choose a dry and sunny place on the site. 2 weeks before planting, the soil in the garden bed is dug to a depth of 25 cm, then humus is added.Manure must not be introduced: it impairs the phytosanitary quality of the product. The amount of fertilizer is 5 kg per 1 square meter of soil. It is also necessary to apply mineral fertilizers: 20 g of potassium salt, 30 g of superphosphate. If the soil is acidic, add lime.
The instruction helps to cope with the landing:
- On the selected area, at a distance of 13-15 cm from each other, rows are made.
- The denticles are buried in the ground with the sharp end up. The planting depth should be medium, 6-8 cm: close to the soil surface, the planting vegetable will simply freeze, and too deeply it will not be able to germinate.
- Mulch the soil after planting using sawdust and peat.
- Laying out small branches in the garden to hold back the snow.
The optimal width of the beds for planting crops for the winter is 110-120 cm. The length of the rows depends on the amount of planting material. The distance between the rows is 20 cm, between the individual teeth - 5-8 cm, depending on the size.
Garlic care
If shoots have appeared in the spring, the seedlings have taken root well. Proper maintenance will ensure healthy growth and high yield.
In the spring, when the frosts pass, brushwood and mulch are removed from the surface of the garden, and the ground is carefully leveled. Further care is carried out as follows:
- The first feeding is carried out after the appearance of 3-4 leaves. Use urea and ammonium nitrate (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water).
- The second top dressing is applied in mid-June, when the bulb begins to form. Use a solution of nitrophoska (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water). Add 3 liters of the mixture per 1 sq. m beds.
- Once every 10-12 days, the plant is fed with chicken droppings (1 liter per 10 liters of water) or cow dung (1 liter per 8 liters of water). 5 square meters of soil is watered with one bucket of solution under the root of the plants.
- Plantings are watered with water warmed in the sun once a week. With a large amount of precipitation, the intensity of irrigation is reduced. After the first spring watering, the soil is mulched.
The soil in the aisles is regularly loosened. Weeds, especially flowering ones, are the habitat of pests, therefore they are constantly removed.
Plant watering is stopped 20 days before harvest. The vegetable is harvested at the end of July. When the harvest time comes, the outermost leaves will turn completely yellow, and the middle ones will turn yellow by a third.
The ripe crop is carefully dug out with a pitchfork. Then it is dried in a suspended form in a ventilated room, where diffused sunlight enters. The earth is removed from the dried heads by gentle blows on a hard surface. It is important not to damage the first scales, otherwise the shelf life of the vegetable will decrease.
Conclusion
For planting garlic in the fall in Bashkiria, they choose a flat, dry and lighted area, carry out agrotechnical work. Even an inexperienced gardener is capable of planting garlic in the fall. If you choose and prepare the planting material correctly, distribute space on the site, do not miss the optimal planting time, healthy and strong shoots will appear in the spring.