Why do eggplant leaves wither and dry
Eggplant leaves wilt and dry for several reasons, among which the most common are infectious and non-infectious diseases. The vegetable is capricious and demanding to care for. Young seedlings are most vulnerable. The ancestor of culture is India, whose climate is different from ours, therefore it is difficult for a vegetable to take root.
Leaves dry and wither
Growing features
Basic conditions for growing eggplants:
- high air temperature;
- good lighting;
- slightly acidic or neutral soil composition.
With improper care, eggplant leaves curl, turn yellow and wither. If the fruits are not set, this indicates that the vegetable's living conditions are good, without feeling the need for reproduction.
Non-communicable diseases
Non-infectious diseases include the wrong composition of the earth, inappropriate weather conditions, and improper care.
The soil
The culture is demanding on the composition of the soil.
Leaves turn yellow and dry if the earth lacks the following minerals:
- nitrogen (brighten);
- phosphorus (curl up);
- potassium (curl, the edges darken);
- magnesium.
If the peri-root system begins to turn yellow, this indicates a deficiency of potassium, iron and copper. Top dressing will correct the situation.
Eggplant leaves dry out if the soil is dry and lacks moisture. The vegetable loves moisture, and therefore, during a dry period, the plant can disappear completely. Watering frequency - 3 times a week with warm liquid.
If the soil is dry and loose, check the top layer. If the land is dry, irrigate.
If there is a large amount of fertilizer in the soil, it becomes salty. This harms the eggplant - it begins to wilt and dry. The soil is washed with ordinary warm water, which washes out the salts. The top layer of the soil is systematically loosened so that oxygen gets to the roots.
Excess moisture in the soil also harms the crop. The leaves turn yellow, and the sour water becomes a habitat for bacteria and fungus. The cold ground temperature dehydrates the bush, causing the eggplant leaves to become dry and yellow.
Lighting
Eggplant seedlings are planted in a well-lit area: the vegetable will not take root in the shade. Due to the lack of light, the leaves curl and become paler. The duration of daylight hours is 12 hours. Additional lighting is also used: phytolamps and fluorescent lamps, especially for young seedlings.
To ensure good lighting, the seedlings are transferred to the windowsill. In this case, direct sunlight should not fall on the sprouts so that there are no burns. During the period of high sun activity, the sprouts are covered.
Temperature
Heat has a detrimental effect on plants
Comfortable air temperature for the development of culture - 25 ° С during the day, 13 ° С at night. Growing in greenhouses is better suited for the vegetable.
Eggplant leaves dry and wither, the color fades with a sharp change in temperature. In hot climates (40 ° C), the vegetable withers, which also leads to the drying out of the bush.
Infectious diseases
Infectious diseases must be determined in time so that the vegetable does not die. They are identified by symptoms.
| Disease | Features of the | Treatment methods |
| Alternaria | The appearance of black spots with yellow edges. Plaque. Withering of eggplant leaves. | It is treated with special drugs (Thanos). |
| Mosaic | Small mosaic-like patterns (light green) are noticeable. Yellow spots appear on the fruit. | Plants and soil are treated with special solutions. All related equipment is sterilized. If the cure does not work, they destroy it. |
| Pillar | The ground part of the plant turns red, the flowers are sterilized and directed vertically, the petals are green. | The disease is incurable, vegetable growers burn all bushes to prevent further infection. |
| Late blight | The appearance of dark spots. The fruits start to rot. | It is treated with special drugs (Antrakol). |
| Verticillium and Fusarium wilt of eggplant leaves | Leaves wilt, turn yellow and curl. Later, the symptoms spread to the whole plant. | In the early stages, he is treated with special drugs ("Previkur"). |
| Blackleg | The root collar becomes dark, the appearance of spots is found. It spreads to the whole plant, which leads to wilting. | The infection is in the soil, it develops well in moisture, thickening and with sudden changes in temperature, therefore, the earth is replaced. Greenhouses and greenhouses are disinfected with bleach. When planting seedlings, the sick and the weak are thrown away, the infection appears from the moment of sowing. |
| White rot | All parts of the plant begin to wither. A white coating is formed. It is more common during storage of crops. | The soil is disinfected, watered with water at room temperature, the dying parts of the plant are removed. The soil is mulched with a peat solution. |
| Gray rot | The ground part is completely affected, dark spots with a bloom appear. | Spraying with a garlic solution is carried out, the correct temperature regime is observed. |
Parasites
The cause of the wilting of eggplant leaves is not only fungus and disease. The damage is done by parasites. Significantly damages the culture of aphids (small insects), which parasitize the entire plant. The ground part curls and dries up, the fruits are deformed and lose their taste. Comfortable conditions for the development of aphids are warm (25 ° C) and humid (85%) air. For the fight, they use infusions of the millennial, wormwood, as well as special preparations.
If a cobweb appears on yellowed shoots, a spider mite has wound up in the beds. Its habitat is the inside of the escape. The parasite feeds on the sap of the plant, if untimely detection leads to the death of the bush.
Another parasite is the greenhouse whitefly. Its habitat is the inner part of the foliage, which dries up and withers over time. The whitefly feeds on sap. Control methods - rinse the plant with water or treat with a special agent.
Medvedka destroys the bush underground, parasitizing the root system. Vegetable growers use special traps to get rid of the pest.
Slugs also cause harm, while damaging the entire crop and shoots. To combat them, pepper mixture, slaked lime and ash with lime and tobacco are sprayed.
Conclusion
Eggplant leaves dry and wilt for several reasons. It can be infectious or non-infectious diseases, violation of agricultural rules. Having correctly identified the disease, it is easy to avoid the death of the entire bush.
With a disease with stolbur, the vegetable is not treated - it is destroyed. The culture is capricious, it needs special conditions for growing.