What vaccinations do piglets need to do from the first days of life?

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Pigs are susceptible to many diseases, so they need to be vaccinated, even if they are not in contact with other domestic animals. Piglets are vaccinated according to a certain scheme, the violation of which is fraught with negative consequences. Consider which vaccinations are required for piglets and when to vaccinate young animals.

Piglet vaccinations

Is vaccination really necessary?

Piglet care involves vaccination. In industrial cultivation, piglets are vaccinated from birth, but when it comes to keeping artiodactyls at home, many ignore this recommendation of experts. It should be understood that there are dangerous diseases that are transmitted by airborne droplets (erysipelas, for example). Even if sick pigs are on the other side of the village, the epidemic can reach your home. This is the reason why piglets should be vaccinated against dangerous diseases that cannot be treated.

Before starting to vaccinate animals, you should study the characteristics of the breed. Today there are breeds (Hungarian Mangalitsa, for example) that are resistant to almost all diseases.

You can vaccinate piglets from birth at home on your own, or you can use a specialist. The second option is more preferable. It is possible to conclude an agreement with some clinics, according to which a specialist will come to the house and vaccinate animals, according to the piglet vaccination scheme. In this case, the farmer does not have to follow the timing of the vaccinations: the specialist himself will remind that the deadline is coming.

Vaccination of newborns

In the first days, no injections should be given due to the fact that the body of newborn pigs is very weak. Newborn piglets are vaccinated at least 3 days after birth. The first vaccinations of piglets can be done at home on their own. But it is better to have a veterinarian supervise the process. If something goes wrong, he can help.

Prevention of anemia

The first vaccination of piglets occurs around the 4th day after birth. If the body has not yet matured, then it is better to postpone it for 3-4 days. According to the vaccination chart, piglets are first vaccinated against anemia. The inoculation is done behind the ear. Ferranimal iron solution is used. Ferroglyukin can be an alternative. The drug is administered intramuscularly. The anemia vaccine is given for 3 consecutive days. It is advisable to administer the drug in the morning. If the pigs are diagnosed with a lack of iron, then a solution of iron sulfate and copper sulfate are added to their diet. Dilute the drugs in boiled water.

Each pig is soldered with the preparation separately.If you pour the medicine into the drinker, then some piglets will drink more than the norm, while others may not touch the solution at all.

Prevention of rickets

After 10 days, they are vaccinated against rickets. Any preparations containing potassium and calcium are suitable as a vaccine. It is necessary to vaccinate even if there are no signs of weak bones. To prevent the onset and development of rickets, in addition to vaccination, crushed chalk, shells, fish oil or limestone are added to animal feed.

You can also carry out the quartzing procedure. But it will be effective only if the pig goes through a 14-day course (1 day - procedure, 1 day - rest). Quartzing is allowed to be done when newborns reach the age of 10 days.

Prevention of salmonellosis

One of the most important vaccinations is the salmonellosis vaccine. This disease is not fatal, but it is severe and can cause complications. It is transmitted by airborne droplets. The farm may have healthy pigs carrying Salmonella. Therefore, it is so important to vaccinate against this ailment.

Vaccination takes place in 2 stages. The first vaccination is given at the age of 20 days. The procedure is repeated a week later. During vaccination, drugs are used that prevent the development of not only salmonellosis, but also pasteurellosis with streptococcosis. All 3 diseases are infectious. Suigard is effective against salmonellosis.

Prevention of pasteurellosis

Piglets can be vaccinated at home against pasteurellosis separately using PPD and ATP preparations. When using the drug, follow the instructions. When using the PPD drug, vaccination is carried out twice with an interval of 6 days. One pig is injected with 4 g of the vaccine. As for the ATP drug, the vaccination occurs three times. The interval between the first two vaccinations is 8 days. The third vaccination is given to the piglet only after 30 days.

In addition to the above medications, newborn piglets should be given vitamins. Oil solutions are popular, of which it is enough to give 1 ml for each pig.

Plague prevention

Plague is perhaps the most dangerous disease for pigs. It is extremely difficult to treat and spreads very quickly. When infected with plague, almost all artiodactyls living in the barn become infected in a short time, therefore it is so important to prevent an epidemic. The swine fever vaccine is effective and affordable.

When should piglets be vaccinated against the plague? In theory, it is possible to vaccinate against this ailment on the 20th day. But experts recommend vaccinating pigs at the age of 40 days. Some sources write that it is necessary to prick pigs from the plague in 1.5 months. If the plague epidemic does not begin in the pigsty before this time, then the option is acceptable. However, it is better not to risk it, since the immunity of young pigs has not yet been formed.

Regardless of when the first injection was made, revaccination is performed. Swine fever vaccine is re-administered after 45 days. The medicine is sold in powder form. The classical swine fever vaccine must be diluted before use. Ordinary water cannot be used for this, therefore, in addition to the medicine, they also purchase saline.

The anti-plague drug VNIIViM has established itself on the market. Vaccines SUIMUN KChS LK-M and KS are also popular. Before buying a vaccine, you should definitely consult a veterinarian who probably knows which strain in the region is most effective.

In addition to the classic plague, the danger is African. On the territory of our country, this disease is rarely found. Unfortunately, there is no cure for it today. To protect animals from African plague, you need to provide quality care for them and observe sanitary and hygienic standards in pigsties.

Prevention of worms

Piglets must be vaccinated against worms.These parasites do not cause dangerous diseases, but they can provoke disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, and this is fraught with slow weight gain. In addition, some helminths are quite dangerous and can provoke serious diseases.

Vaccination of pigs from worms occurs already on the 8th day of their life. There are many antihelminthic agents on the market. It is advisable to consult a veterinarian before purchasing. Panakur and Dectomax are popular. These are foreign drugs, which affects the pricing policy. But they are still the best on the market. Medicines are administered in accordance with the instructions.

Deworming involves the use of a single drug. After 11 weeks, the deworming procedure is repeated.

This completes the vaccinations for small pigs. The rest of the drugs are administered to individuals who have reached the age of 1 month.

Vaccination of monthly piglets

Most of the vaccinations for piglets are done up to a month. However, there are some that need to be put down after. These include medications against:

• leptospirosis;
• foot and mouth disease;
• encephalitis;
• aujeski;
• faces.

Prevention of leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets. It is very dangerous for pigs, therefore it is so important to carry out timely prophylaxis, which involves the administration of the VGNKI medication.

Piglets are vaccinated at 1.5 months of age. The drug is re-injected exactly 7 days later. It is very important to maintain a certain interval between injections. If you do not do a revaccination, the effect of the first injection may come to naught.

Prevention of erysipelas

Between 60 and 70 days, an erysipelas injection is given. This skin disease causes a lot of inconvenience to animals. A dry erysipelas vaccine is produced in powder form. Accordingly, it needs to be diluted. Water cannot be used for dilution, it is permissible to use only saline. The medicine is diluted according to the instructions, after which an injection is given behind the ear.

Repeat the injection against erysipelas 2 more times. 1 ml of the vaccine is administered 1 month after the first vaccination. After another 5 months, the injection is repeated (1 ml).

Prevention of encephalitis

Encephalitis is a dangerous disease that in most cases leads to the death of piglets. Only small pigs aged from 1 month to 3 years are sick. If we talk about the list of mandatory injections, then an injection from encephalitis or, as it is also called, Teschen's disease is not among them. Each farmer must decide for himself how important this procedure is. But experts recommend playing it safe and vaccinating young animals. The pigs are vaccinated at 2 months of age. There is no need to re-inject.

Prevention of Aujeszky's disease

Aujeszky is a disease that is unique to pigs. It affects the central nervous system of animals. In the list of compulsory vaccinations, there is no injection from Aujeska. But in order to protect young and adult artiodactyls, it is advisable to inoculate them with a special preparation at 2 weeks of age. The injection is repeated after 20 days. Dry cultural virus vaccine is used for vaccination.

It is important to know that the disease is extremely difficult to treat. The probability of death is over 90%.

Prevention of FMD

Another injection, which is not in the standard schedule, is a shot against FMD. This injection does not apply to the list of mandatory ones, due to the fact that the disease is quite rare. However, if the mumps get sick, it is difficult to cure them. In addition, the disease is difficult.

You need to prick young animals at 90 days of age. The dose of the drug is calculated based on the weight of the animal.

We have listed far from all diseases, focusing only on the most dangerous. But recently, farmers are increasingly faced with circovirus infection, so it will not be superfluous to vaccinate against it.

Vaccination of sows

Since the health of the piglets depends on how healthy the sow is, let's say a few words about vaccination of sows.

Before insemination, every 5 months they give an injection from erysipelas, twice a year they carry out deworming, once a year they are vaccinated against the plague. Immediately a week before insemination, medications containing iron are administered. And a week and a half before insemination, an injection of ivermek is given. This is a medicine for all types of parasites: worms, subcutaneous gadflies, lice, etc. Also, the drug is used to prevent certain skin diseases.

During pregnancy, the sow is given a salmonellosis injection twice (45 and 35 days before farrowing). A month before the birth of piglets, pregnant pigs are vaccinated against erysipelas and an injection of ivermek is given. After farrowing, no medications are administered to the animal.

General preventive measures

The biggest enemy of animals is infection. Caring for artiodactyls at home involves keeping the pigsty clean. This reduces the risk of epidemics of infectious diseases. It is necessary to systematically disinfect the premises. And if there was an epidemic on the farm, then after its end, absolutely all premises are disinfected without fail.

There are breeds that are resistant to disease. These include Karmals, Hampshire pigs, Semyrencheskaya breed, Vietnamese Vislobryushki. Many people mistakenly believe that Vietnamese piglets are resistant to various diseases. They really have a fairly strong immunity, but Vietnamese piglets still need to be vaccinated against dangerous diseases. But the Hungarian Mangalitsa do not need vaccination, for them only helminths and lice are dangerous. But the pigs of this breed are expensive, and it is difficult to get them due to the small number of the population.

Piglets that have already been vaccinated should not be in the same room as non-vaccinated young.

Conclusion

We figured out which vaccinations are given to piglets from birth, and which ones need to be done for matured pigs. It is imperative to buy vaccines for pigs in specialized stores. It is extremely important to pay attention to the date of manufacture before purchasing. There is no need to buy medicines that are almost expired.

When choosing vaccines, it is important, among other things, to pay attention to the manufacturer. The Spanish company hipra has established itself in the market. Her medicines are more expensive than domestic ones, but they are much more effective.