Planting cabbage seedlings in open ground
Planting cabbage in open ground is a responsible business that requires care and accuracy. The taste and presentation of vegetables depend on this.
Planting cabbage seedlings in open ground
How to grow seedlings from seeds
Before planting cabbage in the ground, you need to properly grow seedlings from seeds. Features of the technology depend on the variety of cabbage, weather conditions and the region.
In the Urals, seeds can be sown in early or mid-April. In the south, seeds are sown at the end of March or at the beginning of April.
Cabbage is grown by seedlings. The plant loves cold and light, so the seedlings can wilt indoors. It makes no sense to plant cabbage at home or in an apartment.
Arrangement of a nursery
Planting cabbage in the ground is a matter that determines how good the harvest will be.
A cold nursery is created on the balcony: there is a lot of light and much colder than at home. It is best to take the nursery outdoors, placing it in places where the snow has not yet melted. The box is filled with soil. When planting cabbage seeds in the ground, abundant watering is carried out.
The next step is to install arcs on the box, and then tension the oilcloth or film. The seeds should sprout in about 10-15 days.
When growing cauliflower, you need to create an additional greenhouse. This variety is one of the few that is afraid of spring frosts. Other cabbage varieties tolerate temperatures up to 5 ° C.
Seedling care
After sowing cabbage seeds in the ground, sprouts appear in 10-13 days.
Until 3-4 leaves appear, the seedlings are regularly watered. After it is planted in a separate container, preparing for planting in the garden. Planting cabbage in open ground should take place only a month after the first sprouts appear.
In order not to confuse the dates, the date of planting seeds, as well as seedlings and transplantation of plants to an open bed, is recorded in a notebook. They also write down the main stages of growing and how best to care for the sprouts.
Soil preparation
You need to plant cabbage in loose and light soil. To begin with, they dig up the beds, removing the remnants of the weeds. In this case, clods of earth are broken with a shovel: this is how it is saturated with oxygen.
Plant seedlings correctly at a distance of 0.5 m from each other. Of course, you don't need to measure with a ruler either, you can sow by eye. It is best to outline a zigzag line on the garden bed, marking the intended holes on it, that is, draw an approximate planting scheme.
The holes are dug about 15-20 cm deep. Before planting cabbage in open ground with seeds or seedlings, the holes are saturated with useful substances.
Preparing holes for planting
After watering, the plant is sprinkled with earth
Before planting cabbage seedlings in open ground, the holes are filled with manure, and sprinkled with ash on top, then with earth. The earth is poured a little, just to cover the layer of ash and manure. Then the holes are watered. Each hole needs approximately 1 liter of water.If the weather is warm, sunny, the holes can be left to rest for a few hours, and only then can the cabbage be planted in the open ground.
The agricultural technology of growing this garden crop involves the use of growth stimulants.
After planting cabbage seedlings in open ground, the plants are watered again. Each sprout has 1 liter of water.
After abundant watering, some of the soil may sink, so it is important to add soil so that the stem sits tightly in the ground.
This is the last step in the process of planting cabbage seedlings in open ground.
Growing
It is not enough to plant a crop; the growing process must be accompanied by proper care.
Fertilization
Plant feeding begins when about 7 leaves appear on the cabbage. It is best to use organic fertilizers. Either manure or humus can be used. To prepare a fertilizing solution, manure is mixed with water in a ratio of about 1:10. This fertilization is enough for the cabbage to give a good harvest.
Outdoor cultivation of any variety of cabbage can be improved by preparing a nettle fertilizer. Nettle is poured with water and fermented in a barrel. When the solution is infused for several days, you can water the cabbage with it.
Watering
Growing cabbage outdoors requires regular soil moisture. The secret to growing is that it is better to pour over than to leave the plant dry.
The frequency of watering depends on the climatic conditions of the growing region. In the Urals and in the regions of the northern strip, 2-3 waterings per week are enough. In the south, where the weather is almost always hot, the plants are watered every other day. Water the plants early in the morning or in the evening.
Loosening
To obtain a good harvest, the soil is constantly loosened. The plant is very fond of oxygen, and this only improves the growth process.
Pest control
Belyanka
You need to get rid of butterflies
The most common cabbage pest is the white butterfly. This parasite eats the leaves of the crop.
The use of chemicals against this pest in the summer is undesirable. This can be done only at certain times, when there is still a lot of time left before harvesting.
Ordinary garlic helps against Belyanka. If the presence of white butterflies becomes noticeable, take a few cloves of garlic, grind them, and then fill them with water. The mixture is infused for several days. After that, the fruits are irrigated with tincture. From the first application, the pests will become noticeably less, after they will completely disappear.
Aphid
There are several ways to combat aphids:
- Carrots (can be planted next to cabbage).
- A decoction of potato tops and tomato tops.
- Onion peel tincture.
- Tincture of yarrow, celandine and hot pepper.
We fight disease
Fungal diseases
The most famous of the fungal diseases is called keela. It affects young plants that grow both in the greenhouse and in open beds. The disease affects the root system of cabbage, it gradually grows overgrowths, because of which the plant stops feeding and dies. Keela affects both white cabbage and cauliflower. It is enough to periodically cultivate the land with lime. This prevents keel infestation.
Another disease of fungal origin is powdery mildew. The disease affects even newly planted seedlings. Spots appear on the cabbage leaves, then the seedling gradually withers and dies. The best way to combat this disease is to sprinkle the fruit with a drug called Fitoftorin.
Viral diseases
The most popular type of disease is mosaic. The leaves are covered with colored spots, the plant gradually dies.
Better to carry out prevention:
- disinfect seedlings before planting in open ground;
- remove the affected areas;
- weed beds, remove weeds;
Fusarium is another common disease.Yellow spots appear between the veins on the leaves. After that, the leaf darkens and dries up. When the first signs of such a viral disease appear, the affected leaves are removed, and the plants are sprayed with Benopil and Tecto preparations.
Conclusion
Cultivation of cabbage does not require special knowledge and financial costs. The main thing is to provide the plants with proper care when planting in open ground, especially at the initial stage of survival and growth. Subject to the planting rules, everyone will be able to grow a good, healthy and tasty harvest of cabbages.