Planting dates for cabbage according to the lunar calendar
When growing popular vegetables, people often make mistakes that affect the future harvest. To protect yourself from oversights, you need to know all the intricacies of agricultural technology, especially in the early stages. How is the correct planting of cabbage going? Consider the main points of cultivation.
Planting dates for cabbage according to the lunar calendar
Sowing
To get the most out of your plant, it is not enough to simply bury the seeds in the ground. There are special rules for growing a popular vegetable without any problems.
Optimal time
It is not the first year that people have checked the planting dates of cabbage with the lunar calendar, determine the days of agricultural work, which further facilitates the care of crops and their treatment. Favorable days have a positive effect on the course of the internal processes of plants.
- February. During this period, the length of a sunny day increases significantly, so cabbage is planted from seeds on the 5th and from the 2nd to the 26th.
- March. An excellent time to grow seedlings. Sowing starts from 8 to 10, 15, 26 and 30.
- April. Last month to prepare the seedlings for cultivation. Works 2, from 7 to 10, will bring more benefit.
No matter how early you want to get a harvest of vegetables, you can not do planting in January. No matter how much they illuminate with a phytolamp, natural processes are activated at the end of winter. Sowing early results in weak, non-viable shoots. During the waxing moon, all cultures wake up, so it is customary to postpone work on this particular day.
Bad days
The lunar calendar for planting cabbage determines the days on which it is forbidden to sow.
- New moon. During this period, you can only remove weeds, in extreme cases - loosen the ground.
- Decreasing phase. It lasts an average of 12 days and is suitable exclusively for the treatment of diseases.
- Full moon. At this time, it is dangerous to engage in any agricultural work related to planting or interference with the root system: the plants are sick for a long time and can die from stress.
In 2018, for planting cabbage, unfavorable numbers in March are 7, 21 and 22, and in April - 1, 6, 14 and 15.
Seeds
Plant health depends on the quality and preparation of the seed. You can not use raw materials that have not matured or stored in inappropriate conditions. There are 3 types of popular vegetables:
- Early. Suitable for salads and summer borscht, they have a short shelf life. The vegetative period is 85-100 days.
- Average. Used in pickles and hot dishes. Keeping life increased to 3 months. They mature on day 110.
- Late. Ideal for winter use. Good products retain their quality for six months. The crop is harvested 17 weeks after germination.
Before planting, preventive procedures are carried out for seeds. If professional hybrids are pelleted, soaking is prohibited.Manufacturers have worried about protection in advance, so the purchased raw materials do not need any processing.
If the grains are harvested from your own garden or a neighbor's plot, it is advised to secure the crop from losses. First of all, they sort out the material, throw out specimens less than 1.5 mm, then the seeds are hardened: they are placed alternately in warm and cold water. From fungi and infections, the culture is treated with "Fitosporin-M" or "Maxim the summer resident". If white cabbage is planted for the first time, it is better to leave the raw material in the Epin growth activator solution for 2 hours.
Sowing seedlings
Seedlings in cells
For early varieties, seedling is the best method. The plant prefers to thrive in a nutrient-rich soil with good aeration. The soil consists of:
- peat - 50%;
- land - 30%;
- sand - 10%;
- coconut substrate - 10%.
All components are thoroughly mixed, scattered over the planting containers and watered abundantly. If you do not plan to dive seedlings, it is better to plant the seed in peat tablets, pots or plastic bottles with a cut side.
In the prepared soil, make holes with your finger about 1 cm deep and 3 cm apart. If you have to plant cabbage in long boxes, it is advised to make several grooves. Seeds, 3 pieces each, are placed in holes, ground with soil on top. Since the mixture is wet, it does not need to be irrigated.
Unlike other plants, the popular vegetable is difficult to grow for seedlings at home. Culture is sensitive to lighting and temperature; it is difficult to provide the necessary microclimate on the windowsill. Professionals plant seedlings in a greenhouse or on glazed balconies with phytolamps.
Optimally, a heat range of 18-20 ° C is required for biting. After emergence, the thermometer is closely monitored. During the day, the air is heated to 17 ° C, and at night it is reduced to 10 ° C. Due to temperature fluctuations, the seedlings do not stretch and develop hardened.
Sowing in the ground
When grown in a seedless way, the plants have powerful roots, they are not afraid of drought and minor frosts. Greenhouse specimens are often affected by a black leg, while on the street the seedlings are not threatened.
The garden bed is prepared in the fall: it is carefully dug up, weeds are removed and fertilizers are applied. The culture does not like acidic soils, so wood ash or lime is added to top dressing. In the spring, the soil is loosened, rows are formed on it and holes are dug, the gap between which is at least 30 cm, but not more than 70 cm.
After determining the favorable days in the spring, they begin sowing. The material is planted in moist soil to a depth of 2 cm, 3 pieces per nest. Seeds are crushed with earth, covered with polyethylene at night. In good weather conditions, the first shoots hatch in 7-9 days. As soon as 3 adult leaves appear, strong shoots are left, and the weak ones pinch.
Landing in the ground
Timing
We sit on the calendar
On average, seedlings develop for 30 days, so the farmer needs to prepare the site and the beds. However, time is not always a significant indicator for getting out on the street. According to the lunar calendar, there are favorable days in 2018:
- in April - 19 and 22;
- in May - 4, from 9 to 13, 27 and 29;
- in June - 5 and 6.
The most effective work is in the waxing moon phase. On a full moon, the slightest trauma to the root system will negatively affect the survival rate of the bushes. In addition, it is not advised to plant cabbage in open ground on unfavorable days:
- in May - 1, 2, 6, 30 and 31;
- in June - 4, 19 and 20;
- in the first three days of the new moon.
What if the seedlings have already grown today, and there is still a week, or even 2, to a safe number? In this case, it is recommended to carefully remove the seedlings from the pots, pinch off the tip of the root, and then bury it again. Culture will send all its forces to the restoration of underground parts and forget about the tops. Problems can be avoided by not sowing seeds in January and maintaining the recommended temperature at home.
There are folk signs that allow you to determine the optimal timing of work. If fluffy lumps have appeared on the willow and daffodils have bloomed, early varieties of vegetables can be planted in the soil. Indicators for medium and late varieties are regrown sorrel and nettle greens.
The classic way
Time-tested technology: 10 days before planting in the ground, the seedlings begin to harden. For this purpose, the room is ventilated for several hours. Gradually, the culture is accustomed to the natural sun. An indicator that the seedlings are ready for planting are 5 adult leaves per stem.
To plant seedlings, the beds are prepared in advance. A distance of at least 50 cm is maintained between the bushes, but not more than 70 cm. The most effective is the checkerboard pattern, which gives each plant sufficient space for development. Places are marked with a shovel, after which holes are dug. To provide the culture with nutrients, a fertilizer (humus, wood ash) cushion is placed on the bottom of the pits, so the depth of the holes is 18 cm.
Before planting cabbage, the site is thoroughly watered: at least 1 liter of liquid is consumed for each seat. After 1.5 hours, work begins. Carefully transfer the seedlings into the holes, being careful not to damage the roots. The gardener Oktyabrina Ganichkina (Ganechkina) recommends dipping each plant in the Kornevin stimulator, and then crushing it with earth. They hold the stalk with one hand, and press the soil with the other.
After all the plants are planted, each bush is irrigated with at least 1 liter of water. The procedure is performed manually, trying not to get on the tops and not wash the soil from the underground parts. After 30 minutes, the settled specimens are raised, pouring the earth. An hour later, the seedlings are watered again, after which they are mulched.
Joint cultivation
Where is the best place to plant a popular vegetable? The site needs a sunny one, so lowlands with good lighting and no shading are suitable. Annual cultivation in one place is prohibited, otherwise the crop will die from insects and diseases.
Small areas require a reasonable use of the usable area, but there are plants that not only get along well together, but also help each other in development. Combined beds allow the grower to economically place crops for a double benefit.
You cannot plant cabbage near tomatoes, strawberries and beans: neighbors will inhibit the development of seedlings and attract insects. The options tested are:
- potato;
- celery;
- beet;
- bow.
Chamomile and dill improve the growth and flavor of the vegetable, while hyssop, rosemary and mint deter the bear. It is important to correctly arrange the joint beds.
Care basics
Cabbage is not a capricious plant, but it has its own care requirements. Watering remains one of the important criteria. During the growth period, the seedlings are irrigated with water at room temperature; cool water is allowed to be used at the permanent growth site. In hot weather, the procedure is carried out every 2 days, so the beds are mulched with peat.
The first top dressing is applied 10 days after pecking of seedlings from seeds. At home, 2 tablespoons of superphosphate are dissolved in 1 liter of water, after which the bushes are watered. At a permanent place of growth, fertilizers are needed 2 weeks after planting. The third procedure is carried out during the formation of heads of cabbage.
The root system of cabbage rots when there is a large amount of nitrogen in the soil (for example, due to the introduction of fresh manure) at a moisture content above 90%.
In addition, the soil under the vegetables is regularly loosened and weeds are removed. To facilitate the procedure, the earth is mulched when planting. As it develops, fresh soil is poured under the roots, protecting the system from exposure.
Possible problems
The famous gardener Galina Kizima (Kizima) advises not to be lazy in the first stages and to pickle the soil with 3% Bordeaux liquid.Before planting in the ground, the roots of the culture are immersed in a solution of "Fitosporin-M" for 2 hours. So it will turn out to protect the seedlings from fungal diseases, which plants often suffer from.
Slugs and snails love to feast on the leaves of the popular vegetable. Insects raid at night. Pests are collected by hand or placed next to the beds with pieces of slate, under which the parasites hide from the heat. If the gluttons are pestering a lot, the bushes are sprayed with vinegar: a quarter of a glass in a bucket of water.
So that heads of cabbage begin to tie on the culture without problems, the lower foliage is not removed. To lay the stump, 9 cover plates are used: if they are removed, the bush will lose its nutrients. The error is corrected by feeding the plantings every week.
If you know the secrets of care, at what time to plant cabbage and where is it better to plant it, the cultivation of a popular vegetable will pass without problems.