Row gray edible
Mushrooms from the Ryadovkovy family are highly valued by mushroom pickers. The gray row has an inconspicuous appearance, but it has excellent taste. Inexperienced mushroom pickers often confuse an edible mushroom with a weakly poisonous ryadovka. They differ in appearance and smell.
Row gray edible
What does a mushroom look like?
The gray ryadovka has a second scientific name - streaky ryadovka, as well as folk ones - "little mice", "podzelinka", "podzonik", "sirushka".
The gray mushroom belongs to the lamellar, i.e. its hymenophore is represented by plates. It has a dark gray fleshy cap with a tall white stem, which turns yellowish as it matures. According to the species description, from the center of the cap to its edges (radially, i.e. along the radii), there are long dark stripes - strokes. White spores form on the plates. Over time, the cap acquires a darker color, white-green or purple tint, becomes, as it were, rotten. Such greens lose their nutritional quality. The edible gray grill does not smell at all or has a pleasant, light, flour smell. The leg can be said to be half buried in the ground or sand.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Serushka is found in coniferous forests, but of all types it prefers pine, and it can also be found in mixed forests. The soil types typical for it are sandy. Like "mice" to hide in moss and under forest deciduous-coniferous litter, forming "witch circles" or living in "proud solitude." Representatives of the species often form mycorrhiza with pine or fir, and much less often with representatives of deciduous species - oak, beech, birch. There are also serushki in old plantings. And even they can be found near the green row. Some mushroom pickers speak confidently about their findings on rich soils in deciduous foxes with beech and linden.
Mice are widespread in the forests of Crimea, Novorossiysk and Mariupol. A humid and warm climate is suitable for mushrooms. Serushki grow in coniferous (pine) and mixed forests with a high density of pines. Mushroom pickers often find them under a layer of pine needles or green moss.
The gray row has a dark gray hat on a high white leg
Subsosnoviks belong to the late varieties. They appear in pine forests in mid-August. Mushroom pickers find them grown in small groups in late autumn, when other varieties of mushrooms are not found, and sometimes even in December.
Inedible mushrooms
It is easy to confuse the podsonnik with the poisonous appearance of the pointed row, however, upon closer examination, it becomes noticeable that the mushrooms differ in the type of cap. In a young, pointed row, it is conical; as it grows, it becomes flatter with a small hump at the top. The top of the cap is ashy or earthy in color, with a thinner stem. On the surface of frequent "gray" plates, spores form, in general, forming a white spore powder. Green species are also inedible.
The pointed row grows in the Crimean and other coniferous forests. Appears in September and October.
The poisonous counterparts of the gray row contain the alkaloid muscarine.
Description of symptoms of poisoning:
- increased salivation and sweating;
- nausea, vomiting;
- frequent diarrhea;
- cramps in the abdomen;
- headache;
- constriction of the pupils, visual impairment;
- slowing heart rate heart rate);
- in severe cases - collapse, pulmonary edema.
The twins of the gray rows are poisonous
When the first symptoms of poisoning appear, urgent medical attention is required. The patient's stomach is washed, after which sorbents and probiotics are prescribed. You can distinguish a false variety from an edible one by its appearance and smell. Poisonous plantain has an unpleasant putrid smell or the smell of rotten eggs.
Beneficial features
The plantains are a valuable food product. They have the following useful properties:
- antibacterial and antiviral;
- antioxidant;
- anti-inflammatory;
- immunostimulating.
The white-gray or greenish pulp contains valuable vitamins, trace elements and enzymes. In terms of protein and mineral composition, mushrooms are close to meat, therefore they are used in vegetarian diets.
Edible sosnovniki are recommended to be used by patients with diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension. They also contribute to the normalization of the nervous system after overwork.
Contraindications to use
Edible ryadovka gray does not harm the human body. Poisonous species ryadovka pointed or ryadovka green cause severe intoxication.
Even edible grasses are not useful for everyone. There are contraindications to their use:
- children up to 10-12 years old;
- diseases of the digestive system;
- the presence of individual intolerance to the individual constituents of the mushrooms.
Edible plantains collected in ecologically polluted areas can cause harm to the body: along roads, near factories, etc. They quickly accumulate toxins in their fruit bodies.
Application
"Myshata", like other well-known edible mushrooms, are widespread. They are used in cooking. It is important to properly prepare the grays in order to improve the taste and at the same time maintain the structure. They are also used in folk medicine.
Cooking applications
Young plantains are used fried, stewed, salted, pickled. They are also added to soups, mushroom sauces are made from them. Dried serushki add an interesting spicy aroma to meat dishes. Old plantains that survived the frost are also used for food. This does not affect the taste, so the mushrooms can be frozen, making a mushroom reserve for the winter.
Mushrooms are used in cooking
Mushroom pickers recommend to soak the collected fresh grains in cool clean water. Then peel the skin from the cap and boil for 15 minutes.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Indeed, so that the finished dish does not taste bitter, before cooking, the rows are soaked in cold water for 2 hours and citric acid is added at the tip of a knife. Then the mushrooms are washed and boiled for 15-20 minutes after boiling. If, in your opinion, the mushroom aroma emanating from the gray grill is harsh, then add bay leaf and allspice to soften it.
The finished product is thrown into a colander, allowed to drain off the water and cook according to the selected recipe.
Application in traditional medicine
The widespread use of serushki in folk medicine is due to their chemical composition and beneficial effects on the body. They are used in the treatment of mental disorders, liver and kidney diseases. In official medicine, antibiotics are extracted from mushroom extracts. In cosmetology, powdered fruit bodies of serushek are used to treat acne, as well as to normalize the activity of the sebaceous glands.
Decoctions are prepared at home.They are taken orally to prevent overwork, headaches, increase the body's resistance during periods of massive epidemics. For external use, decoctions are used in the treatment of skin diseases. Lotions eliminate itching, redness, improve skin condition.
Conclusion
The seed plant has an inconspicuous appearance, but a pleasant taste, aroma and unique chemical composition. It is important to learn to distinguish edible mushrooms from poisonous ones by their description, to know where which species grows in order not to get poisoned. Edible serushki bring only benefits to the body. Mushroom picking begins in mid-August.
