Mushroom picking rules
Going to the forest, people should know the rules for picking mushrooms, their shelf life, appearance and taste. A memo on harvesting is useful for both experienced mushroom pickers and beginners who need to know how to pick mushrooms correctly.
Mushroom picking rules
Basic collection rules
It is not easy to pick mushrooms in the forest, you should follow a few basic rules:
- it is forbidden to pick unknown mushrooms;
- an unknown mushroom cannot be tasted;
- before going into the forest, it is worth studying edible species (for these purposes, you can visit special Internet resources, as well as atlases and reference books with photos);
- it is advisable to go on a hike early in the morning, when there is dew on the grass;
- it is advisable to put the collected mushrooms in a special basket made of vine (another natural material, but retaining its shape), the pulp will be less damaged;
- you cannot go far into the forest and leave children unattended;
- you cannot pick spoiled or overripe mushrooms;
- they go on a hike in groups and must have communication equipment with them; with the onset of evening time, they return home;
- take a first-aid kit with them;
- when looking for mushrooms, the leaves on the ground are lifted with a stick, and not with your hands: a dead animal or a poisonous plant or a poisonous animal is often found in the foliage.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
I would like to name a few more points, the implementation of which will not burden you, but will preserve your nerves and health:
- Do not pick mushrooms along highways, industrial areas, near burial sites, warehouses, etc.
- Do not leave children unattended, dress them in bright clothes to see against the backdrop of greenery.
- Explain to the children that nothing can be taken by mouth - neither berries, nor mushrooms.
- Do not use plastic bags or bags - mushrooms will wrinkle.
- Examine the mushroom before placing it in the basket.
- Do not look for mushrooms in tall grass or windbreak (well, if only you are drawn to exploits).
- Clean the collected mushrooms on site from soil and debris.
- Do not take more mushrooms than you can carry.
- Do not collect baby mushrooms.
You should not pick mushrooms with obvious signs of rot and old age, as they can harm your health. At home, the harvested crop is immediately sorted, washed, cleaned, frozen or canned. Raw mushrooms are not stored for long. If you follow the rules for picking mushrooms, going to the forest will be useful and pleasant.
And finally, about the pale toadstool: do not stomp on the pale toadstool if you find it - just walk by. And don't touch anything near her - flowers, berries or mushrooms. Nearby - it is about 1.5-2 m from the place where the mushroom grows. Why? Most likely, all these beauties and snacks are already covered with microscopic spores and have become dangerous to life and health. If you trample on it, then most likely (100%) you will bring a poisonous "present" from the forest in the form of spores home.
Required outfit
The collection rules also include special accessories that are taken with them into the forest.
- Clothing: depends on the season (warm, light). All parts of the person's body must be covered.If you wear a short T-shirt and shorts, a person is injured on the branches, suffers from insects (mosquitoes, ticks). Mosquitoes won't do much harm, but ticks will lead to health problems.
- Footwear: light footwear must be worn on the feet. It should be closed and comfortable. In the forest, you can find not only insects, but also snakes. If the shoes are closed, then it will be possible to avoid a snake bite.
- Knife: the mushroom picker can easily cut off the fruit body, check the mushroom leg and cap for worms.
Rules for cutting and twisting fruits
To preserve the positive qualities of the product, each mushroom picker must remember the rules for picking mushrooms. It all depends on the type of fungus, its habitat and growth characteristics. There are rules for picking edible mushrooms using the twisting method.
- Boletus, boletus, boletus usually have a thick leg. In order not to leave part of the leg in the ground, the fruit body is twisted, gradually loosening and twisting. After pulling out, the place on which it grew is carefully sprinkled with earth or foliage, thanks to which a new crop will soon appear on this site.
- If a suspicious mushroom is encountered on the way, it is better to unscrew it, but put it separately from the others. Upon returning home, its appearance is determined with the help of an encyclopedia or knowledgeable people.
- During collection, it is advisable to twist single mushrooms. If mushrooms grow in groups, they are cut.
Cutting method
It is important to cut mushrooms correctly
The basic rules for picking mushrooms assume knowledge of the cutting method.
- According to the rules of collection, only lamellar mushrooms are cut: milk mushrooms, mushrooms, volushki. It will be difficult to unscrew them, because in these species, the legs and caps are fragile.
- Mushrooms, which have slight signs of worminess, are cut, after which they are carefully examined with a knife. If the fears are confirmed, the fruiting body is placed (or pricked) on the branches to dry. Disputes will have time to mature and scatter to the nearest territories. For the same purpose, it can be pricked onto a branch with the cap down. So the mushroom picker will not only increase the yield in the forest, but also provide the animals with food.
- Species that grow in groups must be cut with a knife, since it will be difficult to twist each mushroom and this can damage the mycelium.
- If the mushroom grows in moss, use a knife and cut it off. After a while, the remaining leg will rot.
- Fruit bodies of mushrooms growing on trees should be cut off with a knife, because they have stiff legs. After a short time, a new crop will appear in the same place.
The rules for picking mushrooms indicate that plucking them is prohibited. If a person does this, he will damage the mycelium, which will take a long and difficult time to recover or will not do it at all.
Gathering season
The rules for picking mushrooms are not only about the methods of picking, but also about the time (evening / day, seasonal). What are the tips for beginner and experienced mushroom pickers?
- mushrooms: live in pine forests, their use is possible in any form, and the collection is carried out from July to October;
- chanterelles: harvested from July to October, eaten without preliminary processing;
- honey mushrooms: grow in groups on stumps, collect them in summer and autumn;
- russula: even children are familiar, bright and beautiful, it takes little time to prepare them, some species can be consumed after daily salting.
Mushroom pickers signs
Before picking, many mushroom pickers pay attention to the signs and signs:
- If mushroom pickers go to the forest in a leap year, then the forest spirit will take revenge on them.
- There is a superstition that once every 2-3 years the mycelium becomes poisonous and therefore mushrooms cannot be collected. Perhaps in this way our ancestors wanted to give the mycelium a rest and restore "strength".
The forest needs annual restoration, so many mushroom pickers change their "golden" places for new ones every year, and in a leap year they arrange a vacation for their safety. Collecting correctly is a real art.
Conclusion
A person must know the species, terrain and growth characteristics (single or in groups) of the collected forest products in order to bring home a good harvest. Fruit bodies are both twisted and cut off. If a person takes care of the mycelium, then next year it will again please with a rich harvest. Better to go to ecologically clean areas.
