Rules for the propagation of grapes by cuttings in spring
Propagation of grapes by cuttings in spring is the most productive way. Saplings planted in the ground at this time of the year are less sick. Plants not grown by layering or grafting have better survival rates. They also bear fruit faster.
Rules for propagating grapes by cuttings in spring
Procurement of material
Grape cuttings should be harvested in the fall. The vine is cut when the plant has shed its last leaves and hibernates, otherwise it is damaged, which leads to the death of the plant.
when multiplying grapes at home, a winegrower should follow a certain sequence of actions:
- Select the shoots that have grown in the summer. The diameter of the mother vine should not exceed 10 mm, and the distance between the nodes should not be more than 10 cm. Each cutting should have 4 buds.
- After cutting, soak the vine. This is done throughout the day, then it is cut off from mold with copper sulfate.
- Blot the branches and tie them in bunches, then dry in the shade.
- Cut dry branches. Above - oblique at a height of 2 cm above the central kidney, and below - a straight line at a distance of 1 cm from the lower kidney.
- Scratch the bark at the base so that the seedling forms a powerful root system. The more grooves there are, the more roots will develop.
The blanks are stored in the basement. They are wrapped in linen or placed vertically in jars. If the vines are small, they are stored on the lower side shelf of the refrigerator. If you do not observe the temperature regime, the shanks will wake up earlier than the due date, and then dry out.
Germination of shanks
Sprouting and rooting of shanks at home is carried out in several stages. The best time to start forcing grapes is late February or early March. At this time, they are engaged in soil preparation and selection of blanks.
Chubuki, which secrete juice, are suitable for germination in water. This is checked by cutting off the edge of the cutting from the bottom. The core, which has a yellow-green color, will definitely release a drop of moisture. If there is no liquid inside the shoot, it is spoiled.
At the first stage, the grower must saturate the vine with moisture. For this, the workpieces are heated and completely soaked in water. Any substance that promotes rooting is added there. You should not look for a special agent for grapes, because all biocomponents are universal.
The vine is also germinated in water with honey. For 1 liter of water, 1 tbsp is consumed. l. product. In any of the above substances to enhance growth, the workpieces are kept for 2 days.
Rooting cuttings in the ground
Rooting a stalk is not difficult
Propagation of grapes by cuttings in spring is done in several ways. The options differ in the planting method, but it practically does not affect the time from planting to rooting.
In plastic bottles or glasses
Acceleration of vines in bottles is done as follows:
- In a bottle with a volume of 1.5 liters, the neck is cut off, and several holes with a diameter of about 3 mm are made in the bottom. Holes are also made in glasses to drain water.
- A handful of drainage is poured at the bottom of the prepared container, in the role of which are clay shards, broken bottles or a special porous filler for flower pots.
- Pour about 2 tbsp on top of the drainage. potting soil made from rotted foliage.
- The hatched shank is placed in the ground, and then it is covered by a third of dry sawdust. The branch is placed at an angle of 60 °.
- After planting, the sawdust is slightly moistened with a spray bottle. Subsequent watering is carried out through pallets. The improvised pots are placed in water for 30 minutes, after which they are placed on a raised platform and the remaining liquid is removed.
- The container with the handle must be covered. For these purposes, white agrofibre is suitable, a piece of which should be fixed along the upper cut of the bottle with tape.
After about a month, the spunbond is removed. By this time, a healthy stem will have released the first leaf and take root. If a half-liter beer glass is used as a pot, the seedling is covered with a second glass.
In foam rubber or floral sponge
Chubuki are also germinated at home in wet foam, laid on the bottom of a plastic bag. The shanks are placed in a sponge with a lower cut, and then a bag with a vine is tied on top and placed in a dark place for 10 days. After this time, root buds are visible on the vine. Sprouted shafts are planted in the ground in special trays. They are also planted in small pots.
The rooted shoots prepared by any of the above methods are transferred to the ground in early May. At first, the plants are protected from the scorching sun and wind. Also, seedlings are provided with regular watering and subsequent loosening of the soil.
Reproduction by green shoots
The grapes are propagated not only by last year, but also by young cuttings. The material is harvested at the time of flowering or not earlier than 2 weeks before it.
Basic Rules:
- Harvested cuttings should have at least 2 buds.
- Cuts on the vine are made obliquely, and the upper one should be at a distance of 3 cm from the buds.
- The frolicking leaves on the cuttings are removed so that they do not take up strength.
- After cutting, the vine is placed in a bottle of water and only then planted in the ground. A rooting agent is added to the liquid.
- The harvested material is protected from heat and direct sunlight, so the bends are taken out to the basement.
When the first buds hatch, the box is taken out into the light and a little shading is created for the nursery. After the leaves appear, the plants are transferred to a permanent place along with a lump of earth.
Cutting of maiden grapes
Maiden, wild or virgin grapes have a decorative function. It can also be propagated by cuttings in the spring. The sequence of actions of the gardener is not much different from the rooting of cuttings of the fruit variety of the plant, although it has a number of significant differences.
The green fencing variety does not need to be germinated first. The plant is very unpretentious to the soil, so it is planted in any area. All the gardener needs to do is to dig a ditch about 40 cm deep. A layer of drainage is laid at the bottom of the hole, and then some sawdust mixed with sand is poured.
Cuttings of maiden grapes are cut green from a barely awakened plant. The length of the whip must be at least 40 cm, 15 of which are underground. In order for the seedling to take root as soon as possible, it is placed at a slope to the surface.
After planting, the vine is watered with warm water, and then the hole is sprinkled with dry soil and lightly tamped with your hands.
Conclusion
To grow grapes, you need to properly prepare the cuttings. Already a year after planting the shanks in the ground, feast on sweet and vitamin berries.
Grapes are fastidious, it is not always possible to propagate it the first time. It all depends on compliance with the rules and the order in which the procedures are performed. One mistake - and the shanks will no longer take root and leaves.