Description of grapes Variegated
The variegated grape is one of the new varieties. It ripens early and is unpretentious in care, but in order to get a good harvest, you need to follow some rules for its cultivation.
Description of grapes Variegated
Variety characteristic
The variegated grape variety was bred by the breeder S.E. Gusev. It was obtained as a result of crossing the radiant Kishmish and the Talisman. The plant has a bisexual flower, so the proximity to pollinators is not necessary. It is characterized by early maturation. The berries ripen in about 100 days from the moment the first leaves appear. This is 10 days earlier than other known species.
The roots well absorb nutrients from the soil, thanks to which young shoots grow faster. The Variegated grape begins to wake up when the air temperature reaches 10 ° C. When the juice moves, the buds swell, leaves begin to grow.
Features of the variety:
- high fertility;
- average yield 130-150c / ha;
- resistant to gray mold damage;
- used to form arches;
- average frost resistance;
- shoots ripen well, bear fruit in 60-70%.
Description of the bush
According to the description, the bushes at Variegated are medium-sized and vigorous. Leaves are medium in size, can be light green or deep green, are heart-shaped, medium cut. Smooth and shiny top. They have an open petiole notch, without dropping the lower part of the leaf. The lower notches from the side are shallow, with a small gap, the upper notches are oblong.
Description of fruits
The length of a bunch of grapes reaches 40 cm. The approximate weight of a brush is 0.5 kg, but with good care it reaches 1 kg. The berries are medium in size, about 2.6 x 2.4 cm. The weight of one berry is 3-4 g. They have an oval, slightly elongated shape. The color of the ripe fruit is pink-red, the shade depends on the region of cultivation.
The pulp is dense and juicy, there is a taste of nutmeg. The amount of sugar in the berry is 20-25%, the acidity of the juice is 6-7 g / l.
Growing grapes
Grapes are unpretentious in cultivation, but there are some rules. It is better to plant the bushes on the south side, they need a lot of sunlight. Growing in the shade may result in stunted growth and lack of fruit.
Disembarkation rules:
- choose places that are protected from drafts for planting;
- prepare a support for seedlings in advance;
- plant bushes next to a fence or wall, which, when heated, will give heat to the plant;
- be sure to thin the bushes so that they receive the required amount of light.
Any type of soil is suitable for cultivation, including stony ones. This species grows well on sandstones. When grown on black soil, the roots will be located close to the surface, because there is no need to search for water and nutrients deeper.
Landing in the soil
It is advisable to plant a young plant in April or May.
The variegated grape variety is best planted from spring to autumn at any time.A plant that is no more than 1 year old will take root better when planted from April to the end of May. Seedlings that are more than a year old are planted in the summer. For an autumn planting, more careful care is needed.
A month before planting the seedling, they dig a hole 0.8x0.8 m and lay the bottom with humus and compost, spray fertilizer from the ash on top. The pit is left in this form for a month so that all the nutrients are absorbed into the soil.
A month later, the seedlings are planted. The roots are well spread, covered with earth, compacted and abundantly irrigated. For more effective watering, a pipe is installed next to the bush, it should protrude 20-25 cm above the ground. So when irrigated, water will flow directly to the roots.
Plant care
In spring, even a temperature of 1-2 ° is bad for the bushes. In the autumn, mature plants can withstand a cold snap down to -10 °, and in winter - up to -15-20 °. To protect the bushes from frost use pre-planting soil cultivation, quotation of young and fruiting bushes.
The aboveground part of the plant is covered. If the average air temperature drops below -15-16 °, the bush is completely covered.
For good fruiting, the Variegated variety needs a sufficient amount of light. To ensure it, they trim stepchildren and sterile shoots, tie up annual shoots and form the correct shape of the bushes.
Fertilizer
Fertilizing the hole during planting provides good growth for 3-4 years. But the land is gradually depleted and there is a need for feeding.
The composition of the fertilizer depends on the growing season:
- in the spring, nitrogen is added to increase the amount of green mass;
- at the beginning of flowering, fertilizers from phosphorus will be useful;
- potassium salt is added to prepare the plants for winter.
Fertilize not only with mineral fertilizing, but also with compost or manure. They contribute to better breathability and provide the necessary minerals.
Watering
Variety Motley is watered only with settled water, preferably in the evening. Irrigation with warm water will speed up bud opening in the spring. The frequency of watering during the growing season is regulated depending on the weather and the condition of the plants. The combination of irrigation and feeding will be effective.
Before the onset of winter, the bushes are watered abundantly. This will protect the dry soil from getting cold. Irrigation will prevent the soil from freezing and provide moisture for the future growing season. But if the fall was not dry, there is no need to water.
Diseases and pests
The plant is resistant to diseases
According to the description, this species is well resistant to diseases and pests. It rarely suffers from gray rot and powdery mildew. But sometimes Motley can be infected with such diseases:
- apoplexy;
- anthracnose.
Some insect pests that are dangerous for Variegated grapes:
- spider mite;
- grape mite;
- grape leaf roll.
Fight disease
Anthracnose appears due to excess moisture. Rotten spots and voids appear on the sheets. The berries begin to crack and disappear in whole clusters. To overcome the disease, the vine is periodically pruned, removing all damaged parts. Spraying is carried out with Acrobat or Ridomil.
Apoplexy is an incurable disease. The bush withers and cannot be saved. Only proper care will help prevent the onset of the disease.
Pest control
The leafworm is one of the most common types of pests. To combat it, they are sprayed with insecticides.
When affected by a spider mite, the foliage begins to curl and fall off. Only fight with chemicals will help. When attacked by a grape mite, only spraying with Nitrafen and Actellik will be effective.
Prophylaxis
Prevention includes timely pruning, drainage watering, proper feeding and watering.
Conclusion
The Variegated variety has become popular among gardeners due to its early ripening and pleasant taste of the fruit. It is easy to grow and care for.To get a good and healthy harvest, stick to proper planting of seedlings and provide timely crop care.