Orchid transplant rules at home

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Transplanting a room orchid is an important condition for caring for them. This procedure is simple, but still requires some knowledge. Therefore, today we will tell you in what cases and how an orchid transplant is performed at home.

Orchid transplant rules at home

In what cases are transplanted

Under normal conditions of growth and development, an orchid should be transplanted at home every 2-3 years. This need is caused by the plant's need for a new substrate.

Other reasons why a houseplant needs a transplant:

1. As it grows, it builds up its root system. In an old pot, it becomes cramped for her - she ceases to fully develop and bloom, so she is transplanted. The overgrown orchid is moved to a larger container.
2. Needs a transplant and a purchased flower, because the soil in which it was planted is suitable for the temporary maintenance of the plant.
3. If the ground smells of dampness, mold, you need to replant the orchid, otherwise it will rot and die.
4. Very often the flower does not grow and does not form flower buds for several years - then a transplant is needed.
5. It grows in a poor and improperly selected substrate, which does not provide an opportunity to fully develop.
6. The roots of the plant have grown to the walls of the pot.
7. An orchid that has sprout also needs a transplant.
8. A purchased flower is also transplanted a few weeks after purchase.

Do not transplant the plant during the flowering period. Because rooting takes away a lot of strength and energy from him, as a result of which it will die, never taking root in a new place.

Transplant timing

Transplanting an orchid at home It is necessary during the growing season - the growth and development of the aboveground and underground parts. This period coincides with the end of flowering.

For plants that have not yet had time to bloom, the transplant period falls at the beginning of spring. You can determine the beginning of the growing season by a new leaf that grows from the middle of the leaf outlet.

Transplantation of stangopea, cattleya and brassia takes place in January or February. Species such as dendrobium nobile, cybidium or phalaenopsis are transplanted in late April - early May.

In the summer, transplanting the orchid into new soil is undesirable. At this time of year, the plant suffers from the summer heat, so it does not need additional stress.

The orchid should not be transplanted in winter, since at this time of the year it begins a dormant period.

How to choose a pot and substrate

It is worth planting in a special soil

The choice of pot and substrate for transplanting an orchid should be approached responsibly. From the whole variety of flower pots, you should choose plastic, ceramic or glass.Opaque containers are not suitable - in them you will not be able to regulate watering and monitor the state of the root system.

Pot parameters

The planting capacity must have the following qualities:

• good air and moisture permeability;
• rapid outflow of excess fluid;
• do not overheat and do not overcool under the influence of external temperatures.

The best option is a plastic pot with drainage holes.

The size of the container should be slightly larger than the earthen clod. Do not use too large a flowerpot, in which there is a lot of space. In it, the plant builds up the root system for a long time and will not bloom soon.

You can transplant the flower into an unglazed clay container. True, with subsequent transplants, problems may arise with the separation of the root system, which grows to the rough surface of the walls. An alternative is a glazed ceramic pot with drainage holes. It has smooth walls, so there will be no problem with removing the roots.

Soil composition

Orchids are epiphytic plants, therefore, flower soil is not used for planting or transplanting them, as for other indoor flowers.

The substrate for orchids consists of large particles of pine bark, sphagnum moss. Additionally, expanded clay, crushed fern root and coconut fiber are added, which improves the quality and nutritional value of such a mixture.

Some growers use Tsioflora, a soil conditioner, with great success. It is a versatile soil that contains silicon and many other nutrients. Such a substrate perfectly retains moisture and allows air to pass through. Therefore, the roots in it will not rot and become dry.

Moisture-saving soil is suitable for transplanting adult, overgrown specimens. In it, you can reanimate a dying orchid and plant a layer separated from a dead flower.

Transplant technique

Instructions for carrying out this procedure at home are simple and affordable for every grower.

Training

It is necessary to prepare the planting container in advance. To transplant an orchid, you will need a new pot 2 cm larger than the previous one. Better to use a plastic transparent flowerpot. So you can monitor the condition of the root system and optimize plant care as much as possible.

Transplanting an orchid at home after it has faded is carried out with a complete replacement of the old substrate with a new one. Therefore, try to prepare it in advance. Also, to carry out this manipulation, you will need a sterile knife, garden shears and a support stick (bamboo).

Removal from the pot

Before transplanting a home orchid, you should thoroughly moisten it. This will facilitate the process of removing the roots and eliminate the risk of injury.

If the roots have grown to the walls, gently run the knife along the edge of the container to separate the earthen ball from the walls of the flowerpot. If you cannot remove the root system in this way, the flowerpot should be cut so as not to injure the roots.

Root cleaning

Gently straighten the intertwined roots and shake them off the remnants of old soil. After that, all the roots that have dried up and rotted must be cut. Soft and sluggish roots are also removed, because over time they can cause the development of root rot. Cut off areas should be treated with charcoal powder.

If you find parasites on the roots, immerse the root system in water for a while and the insects will die.

Preparing a flowerpot

Having a plastic pot, make sure that it meets all the requirements of this indoor flower, which were mentioned above. There should be several holes at the bottom of the container for the outflow of water. If they are not there, do them with a screwdriver or drill.

The bottom of the pot, 2-3 cm in height, is filled with a nutritious substrate for planting orchids or a drainage layer (polystyrene, expanded clay).

The drainage material ensures the outflow of excess water and prevents the root rotting process.

Landing

Roots are laid on top of the substrate. All the voids between the roots are filled with a mixture of pine bark and sphagnum moss. To shrink the substrate, it is worth knocking lightly on the sides of the pot.

Do not force the roots of the plant into the pot. It's okay if they stay on the surface. With aerial roots, the plant will be able to feed moisture from the air, provided that the room has high air humidity.

Fixing in a pot

For stability, the plant in a flowerpot is fixed with a bamboo stick. It is installed next to the trunk of the plant, trying not to damage the roots when deepening.

Post-transplant care

According to the rules for the care and transplantation of orchids, you should not rush to feed them. The plant should be given time to adapt to the new land. The first feeding is applied only one month after transplanting. Watering is carried out only 5 days after you move the plant to a new container.

Rules for caring for an orchid after transplantation: the flower should be placed on a windowsill, where there is no direct sunlight. Otherwise, it will get burned and die. An equally important condition is to create an optimal temperature during the day of 20-23 ° and 15-17 ° at night.

Winter care

In winter, when the resting phase of the plant begins, watering is reduced to 1 time per month. Top dressing is completely excluded. This condition applies to all species, with the exception of the phalaenopsis orchid. This flower does not have a pronounced dormant period, so it needs regular feeding, good lighting and warmth all year round. In addition, the plant is regularly watered.

Favorable days for transplant

You can correctly transplant an orchid at home according to the lunar calendar. Favorable days for this procedure:

• in March - 1, 19-30;
• April - 17-29;
• May - 16-28.

If you decide to transplant an orchid in the fall, then the best numbers are:

• September - 10-24;
• October - 11-23;
• November - 9-22.

You cannot transplant this plant on the day of the full moon and lunar eclipses. According to flower growers, if a plant is damaged during transplantation, it will never recover and after a while it will simply die.

Transplant during flowering

We figured out when it is preferable to transplant an orchid at home.

There are several critical situations in which you need to transplant orchids immediately, despite flowering:

1. An unscheduled flower transplant is performed due to illness or damage by harmful insects. To understand that the orchid is withering away and should be urgently transplanted, you can follow the black, shriveled roots or the leaves that turn yellow, dry and curl. In this case, the diseased orchid is removed from the old container, treated if necessary, and transplanted into a new pot.
2. A plant that has a lot of lethargic, yellowed leaves also needs replanting.
3. The peduncle, foliage and stems rot, which is possible from an excess of moisture or the development of a dangerous disease.
4. If the orchid released a shoot, but died itself. From such a scion, you will get a new plant if you separate it from an adult bush during the time and transplant it into a new container.

Transplant process

An orchid with a peduncle should be transplanted carefully, because during the flowering period it is especially vulnerable and does not always take root in a new place.

First, the peduncles are trimmed. Cut off each arrow 2-3 cm from the top. This rejuvenating haircut makes it possible to get new shoots.

Before the procedure, the roots are plentifully watered with warm water. After about an hour, the root system is removed. Without shaking off the old soil, the roots are dipped into warm water, washing out its remnants under running water.

Any roots that have become rotten and look unhealthy should be cut off with a sharp knife. Places of cuts are sprinkled with charcoal powder, dried.In the same way, a cut of leaves is carried out, which wither, turn yellow and dry out.

The new container is dipped into a highly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate, dried. Then it is filled with drainage - 1-2 cm (pebbles or expanded clay), 1/3 of the nutrient substrate. Then the long roots of the plant are laid and sprinkled with pine bark on top.

Helpful hints

To minimize the stress that a peduncle plant can receive during the transplanting process, follow these rules:

• after removing the remnants of the old substrate, the roots of the plant should be dried within 8 hours;
• before laying in a pot, the drainage is calcined in an oven, or it is treated with boiling water;
• a heavily overgrown orchid, before planting in a new flowerpot, should be divided into parts and planted in different containers;
• a transplanted flower requires more careful care and attention at first.

Transplanting a purchased flower

The purchased orchid is not transplanted immediately, but 2-3 weeks after purchase. First, the plant is quarantined in a room closed from other plants. During this time, you can determine its condition and check for diseases and pests. In addition, the plant needs quarantine to get used to the new habitat.

Transplant the purchased orchid from a small pot into a pots 1 cm larger.Use a regular plastic or ceramic container with drainage holes.

The very same transplant procedure is no different from the procedure for transplanting a home flower. The care for it after planting in a new substrate and pot remains identical.

Appendix transplant

If your flower dies and it can no longer be saved, but a shoot has appeared on it, you can get a new copy from it. The offspring are cut at the point of contact with the mother bush. Places of cuts are treated with carbon powder. Then they give it to dry for several hours and plant it in a nutritious and moist substrate of sphagnum moss and coniferous bark.

A prerequisite is that there must be several leaves on the shoot, otherwise the transplantation procedure will not give a positive result. The shoot is watered abundantly from a watering can, spilling water along the edges of the walls. Care for a new instance is the same as for adult flowers.

Conclusion

The secrets of transplantation from florists presented below will help you easily master this process.

The procedure for transplanting the Phalaenopsis orchid, as well as other plant species of the Orchid family, is not laborious and costly. The methods described above will help to carry it out easily and successfully.