Description of Juvel potatoes
Juvel potatoes are a high-yielding, super-early variety. You can harvest the crop in 50 days. All tubers are of the same even shape, with a smooth structure. These and many other features of the crop make it very attractive to farmers.
Description of Juvel potatoes
Characteristic
Description of the Juvel potato characterizes the variety as super early. The culture is ready for harvesting already 50-60 days after disembarkation. Responds well to moderate soil moisture. In too dry conditions, potatoes become small. Well-lit areas are chosen for planting.
The Juvel potato variety was developed in Germany. The plant develops very quickly. A characteristic feature of the culture is a short growing season. Juvel potatoes are high-yielding varieties. Its average fertility varies within 700-800 centners per hectare. From one bush, you can collect from 10 to 20 even, uniformly shaped tubers.
Description of the bush
- undersized bush;
- half-straight stem;
- foliage of medium size, with wavy edges;
- inflorescences are dense, reddish-purple;
- tops of medium density, dense.
Description of the fetus
Round-shaped potatoes, the weight of one tuber is 80-150g. The peel is smooth, yellow, shiny, with small eyes. On the cut, the pulp has a yellowish tint. Description of taste characteristics:
- the pulp after heat treatment does not change color;
- becomes crumbly;
- melts in the mouth.
Benefits
Everyone knows the problem with the degeneration of cultures, when you have to change the species every couple of years. This is not typical for Juvel potatoes. In addition, Juvel is well kept, despite its early maturity. This species is not at all picky about the soil composition and climatic conditions, therefore it is suitable for growing in any region of the Russian Federation. Super early variety resistant to potato cancer, late blight, golden nematode.
In the southern regions, the crop can be harvested 2 times per season. Among the disadvantages, many note the inability to use Juvel for frying.
disadvantages
Some farmers say the species has a mediocre taste. But, rather, it is due to improper cultivation. Just like any type of potato. Juvel is susceptible to attacks by the Colorado potato beetle and the nutcracker.
Growing
Potatoes prefer sunny places
Juvel potatoes thrive in open, sunny areas. In a shady place, the tubers become small. The plant is small in size, so the distance between the holes is left about 30 cm. Between the rows they make a step of 70 cm. It is important to remember that too early or late planting negatively affects the yield.
The crop adapts perfectly to any soil, but the best performance is observed on well-fertilized soils with moderate moisture. The soil for planting usually begins to be prepared in the fall. It is advisable to plant winter crops on the site.In the spring, they are harvested and fertilized with organic matter, after which deep cultivation is carried out, about 30 cm deep.
Seed preparation
Seed material is taken at harvest time. Before removing the seeds for long-term storage in the cellar, they are greened. To do this, the potatoes are kept in the light for 7 days, periodically turning them over. This allows you to better preserve the tubers and protect them from rodents. Store the seed material separately.
Potatoes for planting should be the same size, no larger than a chicken egg. All seed should be treated with a disinfectant. To do this, you can use a regular solution of manganese or nitrate. In order for the potato to grow quickly, it is recommended to germinate it first. For several weeks it is left in a warm room, and then poorly sprouted potatoes are selected, the optimal germination time is 21-30 days.
Landing
Tubers are planted in mid-April-early May. In the northern regions, the dates are shifted by a week. Planting can be carried out without waiting for the soil to warm up completely. The species is resistant to temperature extremes.
Planting depth directly depends on the type of soil. On light sandy loam soils, it is customary to bury potatoes by 10 cm. For heavy soils, the recommended planting depth is 5 cm. Usually, before planting, the tubers are powdered with wood ash. It contains a lot of potassium and nitrogen, which help the plant to develop quickly at an early stage.
It should be noted that ash should not be used as fertilizer on soils with high acidity. In such cases, chalk and organic matter are used. After planting, the site is leveled and the first shoots are awaited. Depending on the type of soil, one of the types of planting is chosen:
- ridge;
- smooth;
- trench.
The most common, versatile, easy way is a smooth landing under a shovel. First, the holes are marked. Fertilizer is placed in each hole, superphosphates can be used. The potatoes are pressed a little into the soil, and then covered. Due to the fact that there is enough moisture in the soil in the spring, you can not additionally water it.
Care
To get a rich harvest, you need to constantly maintain a moderate soil moisture. Overdried land significantly reduces yield, tubers become small. The best option is a drip irrigation system.
Plants need to be loosened regularly
After each watering, the inter-row space should be cultivated. The higher the humidity, the deeper you need to weed. To retain moisture in the soil, you can mulch it with grass. The culture is little affected by phytophthora of tubers, but it often suffers from phytophthora tops, so it is recommended to pinch the lower leaves, especially when the weather is humid and warm.
Hilling and feeding
Timely hilling will help protect the tops from possible frost. The first time the formation of ridges is carried out at the time of the appearance of sprouts of 10-12 cm. A little later, the second hilling is carried out, when the sprouts reach a height of 20 cm.
Top dressing is carried out three times:
- at the time of landing;
- simultaneously with the first hilling;
- during budding.
For feeding, most often, liquid mullein or mineral fertilizers are used. Feeding is introduced in liquid form. Potatoes of this variety respond well to top dressing with a potassium composition. To reduce the acidity of the soil, chalk is used.
Diseases and pests
Due to its early ripening, Juvel is not affected by late blight. Potatoes of this variety are often affected by fungal diseases, click beetles and Colorado beetles. To avoid attack by pests, it is recommended to change the planting site every year, use herbicides or other insect repellents.
Proper care helps to protect plantings from fungal diseases. When harvesting, it is very important to collect all the tubers.Decayed potatoes are fertile soil for the reproduction of pathological microorganisms. The characteristic of plants allows the use of any kind of chemical substances. The variety does not accumulate them in tubers.
Harvesting and storage
Harvesting of potatoes is carried out when the tops acquire a yellow tint. To make sure the potatoes are ready for harvesting, dig out one bush and check the peel for hardness. It is recommended to cut off the entire surface area before harvesting. The strongest bushes with a large number of tubers are left for seeds.
Windy warm weather is ideal for digging up potatoes. Do not dig potatoes after rain. It is advisable to stop watering a month before harvesting. Juvel potatoes are highly susceptible to mechanical damage, so harvesting should be done with extreme care. When grown for industrial purposes, side-grip combines are usually used.
Damaged potatoes are immediately laid aside for food. Seed material is taken and placed in separate boxes. The entire crop is not immediately hidden in vegetable stores. First, the potatoes are dried in the sun for 1.5-2 hours. After that, they are sorted into boxes and left in a dark room for 21 days, gradually reducing the air temperature to 4 ℃. After the allotted time, the crop is sorted out again, rotten tubers are discarded.
One rotten potato can infest all potatoes. If all the preparations were done correctly, 94% of the harvest can be saved. The temperature in the vegetable store should be maintained within 2-4 ℃. The humidity in the cellar should not fall below 80%, ideally 90%.
Final part
When planting, the soil is fertilized with organic compounds, for the entire period of growth, fertilizing is applied 2 times. Many farmers prefer drip irrigation to control soil moisture. In the southern regions, it is recommended to mulch the soil to retain moisture.
The culture grows well, subject to regular loosening of the soil. It is carried out after each watering and precipitation. This avoids the formation of a hard crust on the surface of the earth, and also provides oxygen access to the root system.
Among the early potato varieties, many farmers tend to prefer Juvel. It is attractive because of its relatively high resistance to various potato diseases, as well as good keeping quality.