Description of the pear variety Yanvarskaya
Today, the January pear is very popular among gardeners, due to its quality characteristics and high yield. In the article, we will consider the description of the variety, the rules of planting and care.
Description of pear varieties Yanvarskaya
Characteristics of the variety
It is a type of medium winter hardiness, after severe frosts, small frozen areas of the bark can be observed. Fruit ripening period is the second half of September. It is very important to harvest on time, otherwise the shelf life of the fruit will be greatly reduced. In addition, some of the fruit's taste may be lost.
Description of the tree
According to the description, the tree grows with a wide crown - the branches grow almost at right angles to the trunk, slightly twisted towards the top at the ends. The bark on them is hard and rough. Ovaries are formed on a branch, as a rule, in groups of 2 to 5 pieces.
Leaves are small, dark green in color, may differ in shades. They are round in shape, wide at the base and pointed towards the top. The edges on them are even, without teeth.
Description of the fetus
The peel of the Yanvarskaya pear variety is harsh, pale green in color, but in places where the sun's rays fell, a burgundy tan appears. One of the features of the culture is that even fully ripe fruits remain firm. It should also be noted that they are quite large (130-150 gr.)
Description of pear fruits
The pulp is white, with a slight shade of yellow. There is a slight graininess. These fruits taste quite good compared to most winter varieties. The taste can be improved by letting them sit for a couple of weeks after picking - then they will become softer and juicier. The shelf life of the fruits is long - provided that the harvest was made on time and at a temperature of 0C, they can be stored for three, or even three and a half months.
The Yanvarskaya pear variety is universal in use. In addition to jams and preserves, you can also try making pear honey or even pear wine. Traditional healers say that with the help of these wonderful fruits you can fight acute respiratory infections and bronchitis.
Landing
Yanvarskaya pears do not have special preferences for soil, but it is better if the roots have access to air. Do not forget about nutrition for the tree and the fact that most pear crops do not like stagnant water at the roots and the proximity of groundwater. Therefore, it is necessary to plant a tree on a hill, at a distance of 4 m. From other plants.
- The depth of the hole during planting should be approximately 1 m, the diameter should be 80 cm.
- A nutrient mixture is laid at the bottom - as a rule, these are organic fertilizers.
- To increase efficiency, use a combination of organic matter and mineral fertilizers - for example, manure, wood ash and superphosphate.
When planting, you should check whether the roots of the seedling are not affected by root cancer. The disease manifests itself in disproportionate growths on the roots of young seedlings. The affected areas should be cut out, and healthy areas should be disinfected with 1% copper sulfate.
Care
Watering should be regular, but not plentiful - one bucket at a time will be enough. Watering frequency is every 2-3 days.
Due to the low resistance to frost, the root system of the tree should be insulated for the winter. A small mound of earth or snow is made around the trunk.
January pear care
An important point in caring for any plant is disease prevention. This is the cleaning of fallen leaves, overripe fallen fruits, cleaning the near-trunk circle from weeds and whitewashing the trunk. You can also spray the tree twice a season with 5% urea or 1% Bordeaux mixture - this will be a good protection against harmful insects.
Diseases and pests
The description shows that, in general, Yanvarskaya has good immunity. However, the likelihood of being affected by certain diseases exists.
Brown spot
Usually, this disease affects the culture in the middle of summer. The leaves are covered with brown spots.
The disease is fungal in nature. In the fight against brown spot, it is necessary to remove and burn the affected leaves. Then you should spray with any antifungal agents with copper in the composition. When fruit appears, spraying should be stopped.
Moniliosis
In other words, fruit rot. It is fungal in nature. If you do not start treatment on time, the disease can harm not only the fruit, but also the tree. When this problem occurs, affected fruits and affected branches should be disposed of. For better processing, you can use Aktofit, Ekoberin, Zdorovy Sad and Baikal.
Mosaic disease
Sharp pale green or light yellow spots on young leaves are a clear sign of this disease. The disease is not cured. Trees affected by it should be destroyed immediately, otherwise you risk losing the entire garden.
Conclusion
Pear Yanvarskaya is a winter culture with high immunity, good quality fruits and their long shelf life. The variety is unpretentious in care, does not require special knowledge, skills and large cash costs.