Characteristics of the Nerussus pear
The Nerussa pear is a versatile fruit tree. The variety is an autumn variety, bred by pollination of the Forest Beauty of the Severyanka winter seedling.
Characteristics of the Nerussus pear
Characteristics of the variety
Deciduous tree belongs to the department of flowering, the order of white flowers, it begins to bear fruit after 3-5 years, there is a rapid increase in yield. The tree is early-growing, bears fruit annually. 50-60 kg are harvested from one tree. The fruits ripen in September, they are stored for a long time and well. Features include good winter hardiness.
Description of the tree
The tree is characterized by a number of features:
- large, its height is 4-5 m in height;
- fast growing;
- with a pyramidal crown;
- with curved branches extending from the trunk at right angles;
- with smooth dark gray bark.
It is characteristic of this variety that the fruits appear on the ringlets. Shoots are brown in color, in the form of an arc, do not have an edge.
According to the description, the kidneys are conical, slightly pubescent and curved. The leaves are beautiful green, shiny, with a glossy sheen, slightly curved.
The culture blooms in May. Small white flowers with a characteristic sweetish aroma are revealed.
Description of fruits
The variety has one-dimensional fruits, reaching a weight of 130 g. The surface is smooth. During ripeness, the color becomes yellowish-green. The cultivar is characterized by a curved stalk and a slight pinkness on the sunny side of the fruit. Gray dots appear on the skin.
The pulp of the fruit is juicy, semi-oily consistency, slightly sour, with a subtle aroma.
Fruits are eaten fresh or prepared, stewed fruit, dried fruits.
Growing pears
Preparing for landing
For future good yields, they are determined with the planting site and the pit is carefully prepared. It is better to take one- or two-year-old seedlings: they take root better than others.
Pay attention to the root system. It must not be damaged. The above-ground part should not have fractures.
Landing in the soil
Saplings are planted in spring and autumn, when sap flow stops, there is no heat, but the soil is well warmed up. For this pear variety, the best planting time is September.
The soil is pre-prepared: the pH level is determined, lime if necessary.
A hole is dug 80 cm deep and up to 1 m wide.To direct the trunk straight, a rod or stake is dug in the center. To fertilize the seedling, make:
- compost - 10-12 kg (sometimes replaced with rotted manure);
- potassium salt - 50 g;
- superphosphate - 60 g.
Pear must be fertilized
The preparations are mixed until homogeneous and distributed throughout the pit. The seedling is placed inside and gradually sprinkled with earth so that the root collar is not buried. It should protrude 6 cm above the ground.
Then the ground is tamped, watered well and the seedling is tied to a previously driven peg. Mulching with humus or manure is done around the trunk. Fertilizer should not touch the plant.
Shelter
Covering with burlap or spruce forest paws protects from severe frosts and winds, from winter burns. If the climate is northern, this is done with adult plants. In early spring, the covering material is removed, preventing overheating of the bark, measures are taken to combat possible diseases.
Fertilization
In autumn and spring, loosening of the soil is mandatory. Fertilizers are applied during flowering. This feed includes chicken manure, saltpeter and urea. Recipe:
- 30 g saltpeter
- 130 g of urea;
- 5 liters of water for each tree.
The solution is made in a proportion of 1 part of saltpeter and 50 parts of water. Watering the near-trunk circle.
Top dressing with nitrogen-containing substances is especially important in the first years of the seedling's life on the site. It is held several times a season for the first 4 years. Potash fertilizers are applied only once a year.
For juiciness and taste of fruits after flowering, green fertilizers are applied directly under the digging (up to 10-12 cm). Vegetation will intensify and intensify. Organics have a good effect on the health of the tree. At the end of May, 3 buckets of solution with nitroammophos (1: 200) are introduced under each tree.
After 5 years of pear life on the site, all fertilizers are applied to the peripheral zone of the crown, having previously made special grooves.
Watering pears
In drought, watering is especially monitored, and the soil is not allowed to dry out. With a lack of moisture, a pear is capable of shedding foliage and fruits. Regularity of watering - 1 bucket of water per week. The roots are located in the crown zone, so water does not need to be poured under the trunk.
The usual watering rate is 2-3 buckets for each year of life. If there has been no rain for a long time and the soil dries up, watering is carried out more often.
Diseases and pests
The Nerussa pear variety is susceptible to disease. With untimely spraying, fungal or viral diseases appear. Diseases of pear include scab, stem rot and powdery mildew.
Scab appears as characteristic points on the trunk, young branches and leaves. Stem rot occurs after severe sun or frost burns. It can occur with poor nutrition. Powdery mildew refers to a fungal disease and is manifested by a whitish bloom. If you do not treat the affected areas, it will take over the entire tree.
The pear is affected by several types of pests:
- pear honeydew;
- pear moth;
- gall midge;
- pest bug;
- tick.
When they appear, the tree is treated with colloidal sulfur or insecticides.
Prophylaxis
Garden plants are pruned and examined in a timely manner. The affected areas are destroyed: they are completely removed and burned.
Conclusion
It is not difficult to grow a tasty and beautiful Nerussus pear on your site if you follow simple gardening rules.