Description of the poisonous row
When picking mushrooms, sometimes doubts arise: is this cute-looking fruit body poisonous or edible? This knowledge is especially important when collecting species that have dangerous counterparts. So ordinary and poisonous ryadovka differ in only a few external signs.
Description of the poisonous row
The appearance of the rows
The description of this inedible species is in many ways similar to that characteristic of ordinary conditionally edible relatives. The fruiting season is from August to October.
Description of the edible and poisonous row:
- The diameter of a rounded or convex cap is up to 12 cm.
- The color of the surface of the cap is dirty gray, inhomogeneous.
- The pulp is dense, white or grayish, sometimes with yellowness (in older individuals).
- The plates of the hymenophore, adherent to the place of attachment of the leg, are frequent, elastic.
- Leg up to 12 cm long.
It also grows in the steppe zone, prefers deciduous-coniferous forests and plantings. It can bear fruit in oak or linden groves, on limestone or sandy soils. Sometimes found in meadows and fields, in deciduous parks.
It often grows in a "witch circle", that is, in a group of 5 individuals or in a conglomerate. Like edible fruiting bodies, poisonous ones are covered with leaves or they make their way through a layer of turf.
Distinctive features of a poisonous mushroom
Poisonous ryadovka has a number of features that distinguish an edible mushroom from a dangerous one:
- The cap of the poisonous ryadovka is covered with dark gray scales, they are heterogeneous and resemble shingles on the roof.
- The plates of the hymenophore are wide, fleshy, of medium frequency, small plates are located between them.
- In mature mushrooms, the plates constantly emit water-mucous drops.
- At a break, the color of the pulp does not change. In addition, it has a pleasant smell (and not a harsh mealy, like an edible one). The taste of bitterness is not felt either.
- Worms do not gnaw poisonous individuals, insects practically do not sit on them.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Tiger or leopard ryadovka is a mycorrhizal fungus that occurs in conifers and, less often, in deciduous (beech) forests. Prefers to settle on forest edges. For normal life it needs calcareous soils.
The poisonous ryadovka is similar to the gray ryadovka, but it has a solid color of the cap without prominent dark scales. The white cap distinguishes the inedible mushroom from the white champignon. In addition, it has a distinctive, highly visible ring on its stem.
In the edible species, the ryadovka is black-scaled, the plates descend to the leg. The red (pink) row is distinguished by lighter (olive) scales and pinkish plates.
There is controversy over whether the white ryadovka is poisonous. In some sources, it is referred to as a weakly venomous species. Eating it in food can provoke intestinal disorders with excessive appetite. Others classify it as a completely inedible mushroom and discourage eating.
The persistent unpleasant smell of the mushroom does not disappear even after heat treatment, which confuses mushroom pickers.Usually, it is the representatives of the edible species near the rowers that smell unpleasant, but the rowing is white poisonous.
Signs of poisoning with poisonous ryadovka
The mushroom has no subspecies. For color, he was nicknamed the leopard, or tiger ryadovka. The row is poisonous - it contains toxins dangerous to humans.
Signs of poisoning with the poisonous tiger ryadovka:
- weakness;
- nausea;
- increased salivation;
- heart palpitations;
- vomiting, diarrhea;
- loss of consciousness;
- drowsiness.
Symptoms appear within a period of 15 minutes to 2.5 hours. When the first signs of poisoning appear, you must immediately call an ambulance. Do not self-medicate.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
In case of poisoning with mushrooms and, in particular, a leopard grass, it is immediately necessary to wash the stomach with a saline solution or a weak (pale pink) solution of potassium permanganate. Without putting it on the back burner, after washing the stomach (or in parallel with it), you must immediately call an ambulance, because intoxication can be fatal.
The poisonous toxin of this species has not yet been fully studied, therefore it is doubly dangerous.
Getting rid of dangerous mushrooms on the site
The species is not cultivated at home. If it appears on the site, it is cut off and destroyed. This helps to avoid accidental poisoning of children or animals. The mycelium of poisonous fruits is removed in 2 stages:
- carefully dig up the ground (land reclamation);
- treat the area with special antifungal drugs.
Boric acid or vinegar are also used to get rid of fungi.
Conclusion
Not all ryadovka mushrooms are poisonous, but only the type ryadovka leopard (tiger). It is distinguished by its characteristic dark gray scales on the cap and a pleasant scent of pulp. The consequences of poisoning are treated only in stationary conditions with the help of doctors. Mechanical methods and chemicals will help to clear the area of dangerous fungi, since the mycelium of this species is tenacious.
