Early spring grape processing

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Processing grapes in the spring against diseases and various parasites is one of the mandatory procedures in the care. After all, it is spring that is the season for the activation of pathogenic microflora. In our article we will tell you how the fight against diseases and pests of grapes is carried out, in what time frame and with what drugs.

Early spring grape processing

Why processing is needed

With the arrival of spring, the temperature and humidity level increase. Such conditions are an ideal environment for the awakening and parasitism of many harmful insects and diseases. Therefore, spring processing of grapes should be started as early as possible. If the treatment of grapes in the spring from diseases and pests is carried out at a later date, preventive control measures will become useless.

Technique

Processing grapes in the spring from diseases and pests involves a number of activities. Let's consider what is the peculiarity of such a procedure and how to properly prepare for it:

First, the vines are tied to a trellis.
Then they are processed, which must be carried out until the kidneys appear. Usually, the processing time of the vineyard in most regions of our country falls on the first or second decade of April.
Fungicides are used for spraying grapes in spring.
You need to spray not only the vine, but also the trunk, sleeves, and the soil under the bushes. Often, the soil is a source of infection of grapes with diseases and pests.
Particular attention should be paid to curves, irregularities and forks. Sprinkle these parts generously.
In the last decade of April, a massive population of harmful insects begins. Spring processing of grapes will be an excellent protection for the bushes from their invasion. If you still find pests on the plants, you need to re-process the bushes after ten days.
It is necessary to process grapes in spring in dry, warm and calm weather. Only under such conditions, the drugs used will have the maximum effect.
The last spring treatment of the vineyard from diseases and pests is carried out in the last decade of May. In this case, you need to use a mixture of fungicides and insecticides, which destroy all pathogenic microflora that live on the bushes.

Processing before bud break

The first spraying of grapes in spring begins before the buds swell. Currently, there are many drugs, so the question of how to process and spray grapes in the spring can be easily resolved. These funds are divided into two groups:

insecticides;
fungicides.

Consider which drugs are included in each group and what effect they have.

Be sure to process the grapes

Insecticides

The first treatment of the vineyard with insecticides is carried out in order to destroy all kinds of pests. This group includes several effective drugs:

Nitrafen. Plants should be treated with this drug in early spring in order to destroy all wintering parasites even before the buds open. The brown pasty substance is dissolved in water and used to kill the eggs of all harmful insects living on the bark of vines. It is effective against various types of ticks, and is also able to destroy pathogens of fungal diseases. To be effective, the plant must be sprayed with a 3% nitrafen solution.
30B. A very effective oil and mineral agent for the first treatment of grapes in spring. This drug destroys almost all parasitic insects that winter in the vineyard. Destroys spider mites, goldfish, leafworm, cushion, mealybugs and scale insects. It is necessary to spray the vines, and then a film appears on their surface, which prevents the flow of oxygen for insects at any stage of growth and development. The mineral component corrodes the chitinous shell, thus enhancing the effect of the oil layer. It is an affordable and safe tool.

Fungicides

Spraying with these drugs is carried out with the aim of preventing and treating grape diseases - bacterial, viral and fungal. In horticultural practice, several effective drugs have won the greatest popularity:

Bordeaux liquid. The main active ingredient is copper. Be very careful when handling Bordeaux liquid. This drug is very toxic and can cause poisoning, burns on the skin. At different stages of development of the bushes, a different dosage of this drug is used. If a green cone has already formed on the vine, then spraying with Bordeaux liquid in 1% concentration. Before the buds open, the plants need to be sprayed with a 3% solution of Bordeaux liquid.
Ridomil is the most popular drug used to treat grapes in early spring from diseases. This preparation is low-toxic, while creating effective protection of the vineyard from a number of diseases and parasites. Even in the rainy season, the protection remains effective. The duration of action of ridomil after spraying varies from 12 to 15 days. It is necessary to process the bushes with ridomil in early spring until the buds open.
Inkstone. In early spring, grape diseases can be eradicated with this preparation. It destroys any fungal infection and prevents chlorosis. Spraying grapes with iron sulphate in early spring helps to exterminate parasites such as mealybug and pollen. It can be used to treat plants after pruning before opening the buds to disinfect wounds as well as frost cracks. A solution with ferrous sulfate is prepared in the following proportion: 10 liters. water is consumed 300 gr. substances.
Copper sulfate. This drug is used to destroy all parasites and pathogens that have lurked under the bark of plants. For prophylaxis, the vineyard is sprayed with sparing copper sulfate of 1% concentration (100 grams of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water). In case of significant damage, the bushes are treated with copper sulfate of 3% concentration (300 grams of substance per 10 liters of water). The vine is treated with copper sulfate in cold and humid weather until the buds open.

After the first processing of the bushes has been done, it is necessary to wait until the buds begin to swell on them and the first leaves appear. This is a sign that you can start the second processing.

Processing at the stage of emergence of buds and leaves

During the growing period, when the buds swell on the vines and the first leaves appear, the vineyard is most susceptible to infection with fungal diseases. Pests such as grape flea, leafworm and spider mites can also affect the vine.Therefore, the bushes require a second protective treatment. Spraying grapes in the spring against diseases and pests at this stage is carried out with systemic preparations - a mixture of fungicides and insecticides.

Topsin-M

A systemic drug that is very effective against gray mold pathogens. The treatment of bushes with this agent is necessary for the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases - oidium, spotting, alternaria. To prepare the solution, you will need 15 grams. substances and 10 liters. water.

Oxyhom

A very effective drug that destroys a number of diseases in the grape garden - black bacterial spot, powdery mildew, mildew. Treatment with this agent helps to destroy any fungal disease. The medicinal solution destroys fungi when it gets on them, and also penetrates into plant tissues, creating effective protection for them from pathogenic microflora from the inside. 20 gr. I dissolve the substance in 10 liters. water.

Envidor

Destroys parasites, in particular the spider mite, as well as its eggs and young offspring. The accaricidal agent has the unique property of adhering to foliage. Therefore, its efficiency remains high enough even in wet and rainy weather. Spring treatment of grapes from ticks is carried out with a solution of 3 ml of substance per 5 liters. water.

Horus

This remedy can be used to spray grapes in the spring against the two most important diseases - mildew and mildew. It is necessary to irrigate the bushes with this preparation in wet weather. Young shoots are irrigated with a weakly concentrated solution - 3 gr. the substances are dissolved in 5 liters. water. With subsequent treatments, a higher concentration is allowed - 12 g. substances per 10 liters. water.

Karbofos

A highly toxic drug that is dangerous for both humans and animals. Therefore, you need to work with it very carefully, applying protection for the skin and mucous membranes. The drug is a broad spectrum of action, effective against many pests that eat buds and young leaves on shrubs. This drug has one drawback - it is unstable to moisture and has a short duration of action.

Actellic

A popular and effective drug with a wide spectrum of action. This tool can treat plants from the invasion of leaf gnawing and sucking parasites. Protection with actellic lasts for several weeks.

Topaz

The processing of grapes with topaz is carried out twice. The first treatment of the bushes is done after bud break and the appearance of leaves, the second after flowering. This drug is highly effective against the main disease of grapes - powdery mildew. The solution is prepared in the proportion: 3 gr. substances per 20 liters. water.

Irrigation of bushes before flowering

During this period, there is an active fight against both diseases and pests of the vineyard. Since a mixture of potent drugs can greatly harm plants and ruin the future crop of bushes, it should be weakly concentrated. It is best to process the grapes in the spring a few days before the flowers appear.

Ridomil Gold

It is one of the best pre-flowering mildew preparations. This tool is used twice - until the bud breaks, and also before flowering. A feature of the contact-systemic drug is the duration of exposure - 2 weeks. During this period, the plants manage to form full-fledged ovaries. The solution is prepared as follows: 10 gr. the substances are dissolved in 4 l. water.

Aktara

It is a systemic insecticide that is used to kill harmful insects - aphids, golden beetles, weevils, leaf phylloxera and miner moths. 3 g of the drug is dissolved in 20 liters. water.

Arrivo

This agent is used to irrigate the vineyard before flowering in order to destroy a number of parasites - leaf rollers, aphids, spider mites. In addition, the soil around the plants is sprayed with a working solution to destroy the larvae of the beetle.In order for the fight against parasites to be effective, it is necessary to carry out two treatments with a solution (3 ml of substance per 20 liters of water). With a massive invasion of pests after flowering, the bushes are re-treated with Arrivo.

Colloidal sulfur

A systemic fungicide used to combat many fungal infections and parasites. It treats diseases such as gray rot, oidium, anthracnose, powdery mildew. The outer and inner sides of the leaves are treated with colloidal sulfur.

Home remedies

Many growers do not recognize purchased preparations, and believe that processing with folk remedies is more gentle for plants and the future harvest. Indeed, spraying grapes with folk remedies is quite effective. For diseases and pests, plants are treated with an infusion of nettle, potato tops, garlic, urea, and an ash solution.

Conclusion

Diseases of grapes in early spring must be treated immediately. Grapes can be processed using various means, both home and commercial. They are used for the prevention and treatment of culture. To reduce the number of their use, plants require competent and timely care.