The main types of cabbage
Cabbage is one of the most beneficial crops for human health. The varieties of such a vegetable differ in their properties. Some are suitable for salads, others are better to marinate or salt. Consider common types of cabbage with photos and names.
The main types of cabbage
Varieties of cabbage
In garden stores, a large assortment of cabbage is presented, and it is difficult to accurately calculate how many varieties exist. Among the different types of cabbage, there are both classic varieties and hybrid ones, differing from each other in external and quality characteristics and approaches to cultivation.
Almost all types of cabbage are representatives of biennial plants with a full life cycle of 12 to 24 months:
- in the 1st year of growth, as a rule, a vegetative part is formed, which includes a head of cabbage and a stump with foliage,
- in the 2nd year, cabbage already gives inflorescences, pods and seeds for further reproduction.
All types of cabbage can be divided into three main groups by description:
- leaf group - it is represented by species in which the main fruit is formed from foliage growing directly from the central stem, which does not have a core base. These vegetables are completely edible;
- colored variety - its base consists of branched flowering shoots (inflorescences), which are dense formations, the surface of such vegetables is uneven;
- cabbage varieties are the most known to us, having a central core (stump), from which the fruit itself is formed, while only the leaves are suitable for food.
Cabbage varieties
We plant proven varieties
Cabbage varietals are the most commonly grown varieties. Their rounded fruits, in most cases growing large (weighing 10-15 kg), differ in density, are ideal in cooking for stewing, frying, cooking and salting, and even for squeezing juice.
White-headed
White cabbage is rich in vitamin B and ascorbic acid, carotene, potassium and a lot of fiber are present in it. Therefore, a white-headed vegetable is often used for the treatment of stomach diseases, as well as for diseases of the duodenum.
For gardeners, it is attractive for its high yield rates, long-term preservation and transportability.
White cabbage is especially useful in sauerkraut, as it contains large doses of ascorbic acid.
Varieties and hybrids
Varietal varieties and hybrids often grown in private and industrial farms:
- names of early-ripening classic varieties: July, Gribovsky and hybrids Transfer-f1, Kazachok-f1, Zarya-f1. They ripen in 55-60 days from planting;
- mid-season varieties Stakhanovka, Nadezhda, Zolotoy hectare and Slava, from which vegetables can be harvested after 75-100 days,
- late-ripening varietal species Juda, Moscow, Krasnodar and hybrids Geneva, Crumont. They begin to bear fruit 105-180 days after planting.
Redhead
Red cabbage stands out for its rich purple-lilac color and is full of B, C, PP, fiber, carotene, iodine, iron and pantheic acid. Among its components is cyanine, which is an indispensable means of strengthening blood vessels, therefore it is recommended for varicose veins and pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
Varieties and hybrids
The best varietal hybrids and types of red cabbage:
- early ripening hybrids that yield in 80 days - Benefis, Primero and Vorox,
- mid-season, ripening after 125 days, varieties Kalibos, Firebird, Rubin and hybrids Rebecca-f1, Redma-f1 and Garat-f1,
- late-ripening, producing vegetables for 160 days, Juno and Gecko varieties and Rodima-f1, Regilius-f1, Fuego-f1 hybrids.
Leaf views
Cabbage leaves for beauty dishes
Collard types of cabbage are not very common on the territory of Russia and in most cases are used in cooking when decorating dishes. However, the types of cauliflower are very healthy and are recommended to be eaten as a separate dish.
Kohlrabi
In kohlrabi, a juicy root crop is formed in the upper part of the stem, consisting of edible leaves with a pleasant taste. The color of vegetables can be different - green and purple - shades. Kohlrabi contains a lot of a protein component, glucose, calcium and ascorbic acid. Most often, it acts as an ingredient in salads and is present in cooking in a pickled and fermented form.
Varieties and hybrids
Mostly in Russia, kohlrabi varieties are grown, such as Moravia, Violetta and Atena, as well as hybrid varieties of Kossak and Sonata.
Beijing
Peking cabbage, or Chinese cabbage, is quite famous in the European center and in its east. Its leafy vegetable is elongated and formed by light leaves that are compacted at the very base.
A healthy vegetable contains vitamin C, which retains its properties over long-term storage. Peking cabbage is a frequent ingredient in salad recipes and is good for decorating main courses.
Varieties and hybrids
Peking cabbage is represented by varieties and hybrids of different ripening periods:
- early ripe Khibinskaya, Cha-cha and Russian size;
- mid-season Nika and Glass;
- hybrids of Manoko, Tenderness and Prince;
- zoned from the Russian selection collection Alenushka and Vesnyanka.
Cauliflower
The popular cauliflower variety on the domestic market is represented by the following groups.
Classic colored
Cauliflower vegetables in the classic version have a delicate structure composed of multiple inflorescences. Such a vegetable is rich in vitamins B, A, C and PP, it contains protein and calcium, iron and phosphorus, magnesium and mineral salts.
It is suitable for eating boiled, stewed or fried and is indicated for people with problems in the gastrointestinal tract and who want to lose weight.
Varieties and hybrids
Early maturing cauliflower varieties - Snow Heat and Express. Among the mid-season, the most famous are Flora Blanca and White Beauty. There are also late-ripening color hybrids - Cortez-f1 and Amerigo-f1.
Broccoli
Broccoli is a type of cauliflower that has pronounced green buds formed on edible stems in the form of lush balls. Broccoli extract is often used as a source for the manufacture of cosmetics and medicines. When included in the diet, it helps to cope with disturbances in the work of the heart muscle and strengthens the nervous system.
Varieties and hybrids
The most common broccoli varieties are Tonus, Caesar and Linda. Among the hybrids, Lucky-f1, Monterey-f1, Lazar-f1 are known.