Planting cabbage seedlings in the Urals
Cabbage seedlings are planted in the Urals in spring. Popular vegetables for growing are white cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, and Peking cabbage varieties.
Planting cabbage seedlings in the Urals
Types of cabbage varieties for the Urals
Among the huge number of cabbage varieties, f1 Zephyr, f1 Bella, Peking and f1 Flash are most often chosen. The time from planting to picking vegetables is on average 50 to 70 days. The crop yield is quite high - from 6 to 10 kg / sq. m.
Variety Mother-in-law, Nadezhda, Copenhagen Market, Kuharka, f1 Zosia and Brusselskaya have a ripening period of 80-100 days. The average weight of one head of cabbage is 2-4 kg. They can be consumed fresh or processed.
Among the late varieties, the leaders are:
- f1 Innovator;
- Sugarloaf;
- f1 Geneva;
- f1 Katyusha;
- Ulyana.
Fruits of late varieties are stored for about a year, and are also suitable for long-term transportation. Late varieties can be used for fermentation.
Disembarkation dates
The timing of sowing cabbage seeds in the Urals differs from the traditional dates. To find out when it is better to plant cabbage for seedlings in the Urals, it is necessary to take into account the data of meteorological services.
Usually early cabbage varieties are planted in late spring. It is necessary to sow cabbage for seedlings in the Urals using the tape method according to the scheme 60 cm between the roots and 30 cm between the rows. It is necessary to harvest cabbage in the Urals in July.
Mid-season varieties are planted at the end of May. The timing of sowing cabbage in the Urals is chosen according to three periods:
- the first - May 15;
- the second - May 19;
- third - June 4.
Fully harvest of early maturing cabbage is harvested in July, late and mid-season species - in September.
Processing and preparation of seeds
Before planting, check the quality of the seeds. For 2-3 weeks, it is recommended to soak the seeds in a damp cloth: if they germinate, there will be good seedlings.
For a high germination rate, seeds are about 20-30 minutes. kept in hot water (45-50 ° C). It is imperative to monitor the temperature of the water so that they do not steam out and deteriorate. Immediately after this, they should be placed in cool water for 2-5 minutes.
For prophylaxis, seeds are kept in liquid with potassium permanganate for 7-8 hours. To do this, mix 1 liter of water and 1 g of manganese. After that, they are placed in a refrigerator. Then comes drying and sowing.
The seeds are planted in different pots about 1 cm deep for seedlings. The soil is pre-moistened, ash and potassium permanganate are added. If you plant a vegetable on the balcony, the plant will sprout within a week. Sow in a 55 cm pattern between plants or 2 plants per 1 m². During growth, the vegetable is spud twice to improve the root system.
Recommendations for growing seedlings
We plant seedlings according to all the rules
For the Ural region, you need to choose vegetables of an early or middle ripening period. In the Urals, it is allowed to plant cabbage for seedlings in mid-spring.
The seedlings ripen for about 60 days.
Requirements:
- picking (for early ripening vegetables);
- ready-made cassettes;
- temperature regime.
Initially, the temperature should not be lower than 20 ° C.After the first shoots - about 10 ° С (over time, daytime (15-16 ° С) and nighttime (up to 15 ° С) temperatures alternate).
For the prevention of diseases such as white rot or late blight, a special solution is used. Take a 10 liter bucket of earth and mix with 25 g of lime. This normalizes the acidity of the soil.
Cabbage for seedlings in the Urals is grown in the open field 2 weeks before planting. After thoroughly drying, the seeds are planted in pots. The soil is moistened before this and sand is added.
Every day you need to take out the seedling pots to the open air. The first 4 days for 4-5 hours and gradually increasing to a full day of stay.
You can plant seedlings in open ground when about 3-4 leaves appear on the plant. In this case, do not forget to loosen the soil before planting.
Hardening
For a good harvest, the seedlings are hardened. During sunny warm days, they take it out into the street or open all the gates in greenhouses. This is done so that all seedlings in the open field take root.
Before planting, the plant is treated with a mixture of 100 g of lime and 10 liters of water. Also, for prevention, the sprouts are treated with tobacco dust.
Dive
Diving is an important part of planting vegetables. When cotyledon-shaped leaves appear on the plant, a transplant of seedlings is immediately needed. To do this, choose containers with dimensions of 6 x 6 cm.
Before the procedure, the soil is watered with a potassium solution. The first step in picking is to remove the seedling from the container and transplant it into an individual pot. If the root is too long, it is carefully trimmed.
You should carefully select a container for picking so that the root can fit without squeezing into the walls of the pot. Fertilizer is added to the soil for rapid growth, the seedlings are covered with ash from wood in a circle.
After the appearance of 2 leaves, the plant is treated with a mixture of 3 g of superphosphate with 1 liter of water. A good top dressing is mullein, which is mixed with water in a ratio of 1 g per 10 liters.
Preparing the soil for planting
For seedlings, the soil is bought or prepared independently. Before planting early varieties of cabbage in the ground, it is necessary to take into account some features:
- The soil must be moist. If it turns out to be acidic, it is treated with lime - 100-150 g per 1 m².
- Cabbage doesn't like shade. It is planted in a sunny location on a southern or southeastern slope.
- Land preparation takes place in November. In autumn, all leaves and excess plants are removed on the ground.
- Digging the beds 20 cm deep.
For good fruiting, 2.5 kg of manure and 3.5 kg of compost are added to the soil per 1 m². A couple of days before planting in open ground, it is dug up.
On sandy soils, cabbage will grow slowly, so it is recommended to add a lot of organic matter to it. For clay soil, loosening is suitable before planting seedlings.
The vegetable culture loves mulch, it is laid in a layer of 6 cm. It is advisable to mulch the whole garden, since cabbage needs moisture. It is planted with mixed plantings.
The size of the seedling hole is made 10 mm larger than the volume of the root system. Vermicompost or compost is added there. The process is as follows: a seedling is planted in it, covering it with earth and slightly pressing down, after a little watering, the plant is covered with wood ash (10 tablespoons of ash for 1 bucket of earth). This prevents the development of diseases.
After planting in open ground, the plant is watered once a week, more often during a drought. Also carry out a little loosening or weeding. Spraying from pests is used if necessary. You can prepare the solution yourself by mixing 1 cup of potato tops with a bucket of water.
Universal feeding
For the climatic zone of the Urals, it is necessary to use special fertilizers and solutions that improve the growth and immunity of seedlings. Popular dressings are:
- Gumat-7. It contains 7 trace elements necessary for vegetables.
- Extrasop-55. It is used to combat cabbage ailments (no more than once a week).
- Epin-extra.Multifunctional fertilizer for disease prevention and control.
Conclusion
It is possible to plant cabbage for seedlings in the Urals and get a good harvest, given the weather and temperature conditions of the region. Sprouts are grown in greenhouses, and late varieties are grown in greenhouses. To obtain juicy fruits, the soil must be regularly fed.