What mushrooms grow in the east and west of the Moscow region
Mushrooms in the east and west of the Moscow region come across at every step. Even a beginner will not be left without a crop.
Mushrooms in the east and west of the Moscow region
general characteristics
Suitable for food are forest mushrooms belonging to the categories edible and conditionally edible. Without subjecting to heat treatment, it is allowed to eat only edible species, which include russula, champignons, porcini mushrooms.
Conditionally edible mushrooms have a bitter unpleasant aftertaste, so they are soaked for a long time with regular water changes, in some cases up to 8-10 hours, so that all the bitterness comes out.
You cannot eat poisonous species. Their toxins are difficult to remove at home. The venom of the pale toadstool is so toxic that it can penetrate the skin, be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause severe poisoning, leading to death.
Mushroom flavor categories
Mushroom places of the Moscow region in the west and east are rich in various types of forest organisms, which are divided into 4 categories in terms of taste:
- Category 1: mushrooms with a pronounced aroma and taste: boletus, milk mushrooms, porcini, mushrooms;
- Category 2: aromatic mushrooms with a characteristic taste: boletus, boletus, Polish and all types of champignons;
- Category 3: mushrooms with an average taste and aroma: honey agarics, mushrooms, morels;
- Category 4: mushrooms with a specific taste and weak aroma (conditionally edible group).
The first two categories are used for the preparation of any dishes: hot, first and second, side dishes, etc. Mushrooms of the third category are more suitable for making pies and cold snacks.
The fourth is filled with conditionally edible mushrooms that do not have a bright taste and require preliminary processing: soaking and boiling. Spices must be added to them. This category is more often used for salting, pickling.
Types of mushrooms in the Moscow region
The west and east of the Moscow region is famous for large harvests of mushrooms throughout the season, which begins in spring, when the air has already warmed up, and the air humidity is still high. Collecting enthusiasts need to know what are the differences between edible and non-edible forest organisms.
Early mushrooms of the Moscow region
On last year's foliage in the forest and meadows, the first spring species are collected:
- discina thyroid;
- strobiluriuses;
- petsitsa;
- sarcocyphoid.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Early spring edible species are usually represented by fruit bodies of small size. They belong to different groups: here and discomycetes and cap-pedunculate mushrooms. They can be eaten fried or boiled, cooked in a mixture with other mushrooms. But due to their small size and very thin pulp, they are rarely harvested. These, let's say, important parameters for mushroom pickers, do not allow considering such mushrooms as a food product.
They are not too fragrant, but useful, they well enrich a person's spring diet after the winter period.
Then morels and stitches appear. They prefer nutritious soils of deciduous forests, especially willow.Later they are found in spruce or under pine trees. After the first rains, the bodies of raincoats grow, which are found in open forest glades or in meadows.
Meadow mushrooms, appearing in May, delight mushroom pickers until the end of September. Oyster mushrooms prefer to breed with the first heat on fallen bark or needles.
Summer views
The forests of the Moscow region will delight you with porcini mushrooms
In the last days of May and early June, summer mushrooms of the Moscow region begin to appear. These include:
- boletus ordinary;
- boletus (boletus, boletus);
- White mushrooms;
- forest mushrooms;
- summer mushrooms;
- granular butter;
- spit deer;
- milk mushrooms.
Each of them prefers his own place. Some create mycorrhiza with fir trees, and some do well under larch trees. The last days of August are rich in mushrooms and mushrooms.
Autumn views
Autumn is a season rich in harvests of vegetables, fruits, berries and mushrooms. The west and east of the Moscow region are distinguished by special harvests of autumn mushrooms, they are found almost to the very frost on old stumps or in dry thickets of nettles.
Black milk mushrooms and real mushrooms are common throughout this time of the year.
Non-edible species
Poisonous mushrooms include the following:
- Satanic;
- fly agarics;
- yellowing or orange champignons;
- bilious.
Some poisonous and inedible species are especially common in the forests near Moscow:
- gray float;
- common vestka;
- paneolus;
- luminous talker;
- snatched goblet;
- entoloma poisonous.
Satanic and bile mushrooms are poisonous brothers of the porcini mushroom. The difference is in the black fine mesh on the leg and its large size in the satanic one. The gall mushroom has a bitter, unpleasant taste. Its fracture of the pulp turns yellow in air, which never happens with white.
The pale toadstool is dangerous by its similarity to honey agarics. The difference is in a small thin skirt with a leg. The age-old toadstool does not have it; in the young, the ring on the leg is well developed. In addition, a tuberous expansion of the lower part of the leg, covered with volva - the remains of a common veil, is characteristic of the pale toadstool. Most of the poisoning occurs due to the poison, leading to death. Poisonous spores can get on nearby edible mushrooms growing if their caps are in contact.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Veselka ordinary or mushroom "shameful", which received this name for its appearance, is usually harvested from May until October. It is used for medicinal purposes, in addition to this, a young fruiting body, resembling an egg in appearance, can be eaten. The developing education is located on a white mycelial weight. Inside it, under the shell - the peridium, consisting of two layers, the asexual part of the fruiting body is formed - the receptacle (also called the "leg") in the form of a hollow cylindrical column with spongy (cavernous) walls. At its top, the spore-bearing part develops, and then separates - the gleb ("cap"). The recipe can stretch when ripe up to 30 cm in height. This happens at a speed of 5 mm in one minute. The general development of the fungus lasts 2 months, the formation of fruiting bodies takes only a few hours.
On the territory of the Moscow region, there is an early spring mushroom of a rather large size - the urnula is goblet, or goblet, or wide-goblet. It usually grows in groups, immediately after the snow melts, and sometimes in the presence of snow. In the Moscow region, this species is found in forests with an admixture of hazel on branches of this plant immersed in the soil. Urnula can also grow on the branches of linden, oak, birch and other woody plants. The mushroom is classified as inedible due to its unpleasant taste, but no toxins were found in it.
Where is it better to collect
You don't need to have your own car to get to the mushroom spots. A bus or train will also be taken to the desired place, you just have to determine which station is right for you and which kilometer from the city is more profitable for collection.
In the western direction, at the Podrezkovo station, on the right side of Skhodnya, near Ivanovsky and Korostovo, many boletus and aspen mushrooms are gaining. You can just get there by metro from Planernaya station or by car. This is the 9th km from the Moscow Ring Road along the Leningradskoye Highway.
To the east there is the Sofrino station, in the Pushkin region. 4 km from it, near the villages of Mitropolye and Novovoronino, white milk mushrooms, honey mushrooms and russula are annually harvested. Boletus and porcini mushrooms are less common. By car they travel along the Moscow Ring Road, through the Yaroslavskoe highway, up to 36 km, or by train from the Yaroslavsky railway station directly to the village of Sofrino.
Another favorite place for hunters for porcini mushrooms, aspen, boletus and boletus is the Ramensky district, near the station "Gzhel." You can get there by bus # 325 and # 36 or by the train, which runs daily from the Kazan station according to the schedule. If you go by car, then it is better to do it along the Yegoryevskoe highway, from the Moscow Ring Road to 43 km. There are a lot of dead wood in the Ramensky district, so honey mushrooms grow there from spring to late autumn.
In the western direction there is a forest beyond the Desna, 2 km from the platform, near the village. Svistino and S. Timonino. In these places, a lot of boletus and boletus boletus are usually collected. There is always a lot of oil in spruce forests after rain. To the station "Dachnaya" there is an electric train from the Kiev railway station, and from the central bus station every day there are regular buses, which are popularly nicknamed "mushroom" (No. 50, 1031 and 490)
Conclusion
When walking in the forest to harvest, be sure to have a sharp knife, mosquito repellent and a basket with holes for ventilation with you: this way the harvest is stored better. You should follow safety rules, do not put unfamiliar or suspicious mushrooms in the basket, take care of nature, do not litter, do not break trees, do not burn fires.
